User:Milton Beychok/Sandbox: Difference between revisions

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The '''National Atmospheric Release Advisory Center''' (NARAC) is a national support and resource center for planning, real-time assessment, [[emergency response]], and detailed studies of incidents involving a wide variety of [[hazards]], including [[Nuclear chemistry|nuclear]], [[Radioactivity|radiological]], [[Chemistry|chemical]], [[Biology|biological]], and natural [[emission]]s.<ref name=About>[https://narac.llnl.gov/narac_overview.php About NARAC: Overview]</ref><ref name=Facts>[https://narac.llnl.gov/uploads/NARAC_FactSheet_SugiyamaNasstromWalker4_tkmug.pdf NAREC Fact Sheet]</ref>


NARAC is a part of the [[Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory]] (LLNL)<ref>[http://www.llnl.gov Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory] (official website)</ref> which is a premier applied science laboratory that is part of the [[National Nuclear Security Administration]] (NNSA)<ref>[http://nnsa.energy.gov/ NNSA website]</ref> within the [[U.S. Department of Energy]] (DOE).
== NARAC's primary functions ==
NARAC's primary function is to support U.S. Department of Energy and [[U.S. Department of Defense]] sites, and DOE consequence management (CM) teams for radiological releases through the DOE's [[Atmospheric Release Advisory Capability]] (ARAC)<ref>[http://www.nv.doe.gov/library/factsheets/ARAC.pdf ARAC Fact Sheet]</ref> program. Under the auspices of the [[National Response Framework]], NARAC assists other federal agencies and, through them, state and local agencies.
NARAC's support and advisory responsibilities are implemented by:
* Providing tools and services that map the probable spread of [[hazardous material]] accidentally or intentionally released into the atmosphere.
* Providing [[atmospheric dispersion modeling|atmospheric plume predictions]] in time for an emergency manager to decide if action is necessary to protect the health and safety of people in affected areas.
== Location and operational facilities ==
NARAC is located at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in [[Livermore]], [[California]] (about 50 miles east of [[San Francisco]]).
The operational facilities operated by NARAC include:
* A team of research and operational staff with expertise in atmospheric research, operational [[meteorology]], [[numerical modeling]], [[computer science]], [[software engineering]], [[geographical information systems]], [[computer graphics]] and  [[hazardous material]] (radiological, chemical, biological) properties and effects.
* An operations center with uninterruptible power, backup power generators, robust computer systems and a staff on-duty or on-call 24 hours per day and 7 days a week.
* Scientific and technical staff who provide support and training for NARAC tools, as well as quality assurance and detailed analysis of atmospheric releases.
* Links to over 100 emergency operations centers around the [[United States]].
To provide integrated emergency response support, NARAC collaborates
with more than 300 federal, state, and local agencies and emergency operations centers. The center’s operational system responds to about 7,000 requests per year and has over 1,800 online users.<ref>[https://www.llnl.gov/str/March07/Sugiyama.html On the Leading Edge of Atmospheric Predictions]</ref>
== The Emergency Response System ==
NARAC maintains a sophisticated Emergency Response System at its LLNL facility. The NARAC emergency response central modeling system provides real time [[atmospheric dispersion modeling]]<ref>{{cite book|author=Turner, D.B.|title=Workbook of atmospheric dispersion estimates: an introduction to dispersion modeling|edition=2nd Edition|publisher=CRC Press|year=1994|id=ISBN 1-56670-023-X}} [http://www.crcpress.com/shopping_cart/products/product_detail.asp?sku=L1023&parent_id=&pc= www.crcpress.com]</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Beychok, M.R.|title=[[Fundamentals Of Stack Gas Dispersion]]|edition=4th Edition|publisher=author-published|year=2005|id=ISBN 0-9644588-0-2}} [http://www.air-dispersion.com www.air-dispersion.com]</ref> using an integrated suite of [[meteorology|meteorological]] and atmospheric dispersion models.<ref name=ERS>[https://narac.llnl.gov/ers_overview.php Emergency Response System: Overview]</ref>
NARAC clients access this system using software supplied by NARAC. With this system NARAC provides an automated product report for almost any type of hazardous atmospheric release anywhere in the world within 5 to 10 minutes.<ref name=ERS/>
When a client initiates a request via a phone call or interactively using the NARAC-supplied software online, the automated steps taken by the Emergency Response System are summarized below:<ref name=ERS/><ref>[https://narac.llnl.gov/ersteps.php Emergency Response System:Steps]</ref>
* Receive and process information about the hazardous release in what is called a Questionnaire.
* Collect meteorological data for the region around the release location and time.
* Determine additional model parameters not provided in the Questionnaire and execute the suite of sophisticated atmospheric dispersion models. 
* Generate the requested product report that depicts the size and location of the release plume, the affected population, the health risks, and the proposed emergency responses.
* Deliver the report to the client using the Internet, fax, or e-mail.
==References==
<references/>
== See also==
* [[Accidental release source terms]]
* [[Air Resources Laboratory]]
* [[Air Quality Modeling Group]]
* [[Atmospheric dispersion modeling]]
* [[Department of Public Safety]]
* [[National Center for Atmospheric Research]]
* [[University Corporation for Atmospheric Research]]


==External links and sources==
==External links and sources==

Revision as of 23:53, 8 November 2008


External links and sources

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