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After the [[American colonies]] revolted and and became independent of the [[British Empire]] in 1776, the United States subsequently adopted the Queen Anne gallon of 231 cubic inches (≈ 3.78541 L) for measuring liquids which is now known as the '''''U.S. liquid gallon'''''. The United States also adopted the Winchester gallon of 268.80252 cubic inches (≈ 4.40488 L) for measuring dry materials and it is now known as the '''''U.S. dry gallon'''''. | After the [[American colonies]] revolted and and became independent of the [[British Empire]] in 1776, the United States subsequently adopted the Queen Anne gallon of 231 cubic inches (≈ 3.78541 L) for measuring liquids which is now known as the '''''U.S. liquid gallon'''''. The United States also adopted the Winchester gallon of 268.80252 cubic inches (≈ 4.40488 L) for measuring dry materials and it is now known as the '''''U.S. dry gallon'''''. | ||
England made a different decision and, in 1824, the British defined the '''''Imperial gallon''''' as the volume of 10 [[pound (mass)|pound]]s of water at 62 °[[Fahrenheit (unit)|F]] and essentially atmospheric pressure ( | England made a different decision and, in 1824, the British defined the '''''Imperial gallon''''' as the volume of 10 [[pound (mass)|pound]]s of water at 62 °[[Fahrenheit (unit)|F]] and essentially atmospheric pressure (30 inches of [[mercury]]), and chose to use it for measuring both liquids and dry materials. That gave the Imperial gallon a volume of 277.42 cubic inches (4.54610 L) which is approximately 20 percent larger than the U.S. liquid gallon. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
Revision as of 00:22, 12 June 2010
At one time, the volume of a gallon depended on what was being measured, and where it was being measured. But during the 18th century, three definitions were in common use throughout the British Empire:
- The ale gallon, used for measuring beer was defined in England, during the reign (1558 – 1603) of Queen Elizabeth I, as having 282 cubic inches (≈ 4.62115 L).[1]
- The Winchester gallon, or corn gallon, used for measuring dry materials was defined by England's Parliament in 1696 as one-eighth of a Winchester bushel having a volume of a cylinder 18.5 inches in diameter and 8 inches deep. Thus, the Winchester gallon was approximately 268.80252 cubic inches (≈ 4.40488 L).[2][3]
- The wine gallon, or Queen Anne's gallon, used for measuring wine was defined in England, in 1706 during the reign of Queen Anne, as having a volume of 231 cubic inches (≈ 3.78541 L).[2][3]
After the American colonies revolted and and became independent of the British Empire in 1776, the United States subsequently adopted the Queen Anne gallon of 231 cubic inches (≈ 3.78541 L) for measuring liquids which is now known as the U.S. liquid gallon. The United States also adopted the Winchester gallon of 268.80252 cubic inches (≈ 4.40488 L) for measuring dry materials and it is now known as the U.S. dry gallon.
England made a different decision and, in 1824, the British defined the Imperial gallon as the volume of 10 pounds of water at 62 °F and essentially atmospheric pressure (30 inches of mercury), and chose to use it for measuring both liquids and dry materials. That gave the Imperial gallon a volume of 277.42 cubic inches (4.54610 L) which is approximately 20 percent larger than the U.S. liquid gallon.
References
- ↑ Ale Gallon 2001, Professor Russ Rowlett, University of North Carolina
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Ian Whitelaw (2007). A Measure of All Things: The Story of Man and Measurement, 1st Edition. St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-37026-1.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 English Customary Weights and Measures 2001, Professor Russ Rowlett, University of North Carolina