CZ:Sandbox: Difference between revisions

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imported>David Yamakuchi
m (New page: {{Elem_Infobox |background1=ffffff |elementColor=f5f5f5 |elName=Lead |elMass=207.2 |elSym=Pb |elNum=82 |eltrnCfg=[Xe]6s<sup>2</sup>4f<sup>14</sup>5d<sup>10</sup>6p<sup>2</sup> |no1= +2 |no...)
 
imported>Peter Schmitt
mNo edit summary
 
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{{Elem_Infobox
This is the Citizendium sandbox where you can practice your first edits. You can also create a sandbox in your own user space by creating a page
|background1=ffffff
by either
|elementColor=f5f5f5
* placing a link on '''your user page''' by typing "<nowiki>[[/Sandbox]]</nowiki>" and clicking this link
|elName=Lead
or
|elMass=207.2
* search for "User:Your Username/Sandbox" with CZ's '''search box'''
|elSym=Pb
or
|elNum=82
* use "<nowiki>http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/User:User_Name/sandbox</nowiki>" (substitute YOUR user name for the User_Name - don't forget to substitute the underline "_" for spaces in your name!) in the '''address field''' of your browser.
|eltrnCfg=[Xe]6s<sup>2</sup>4f<sup>14</sup>5d<sup>10</sup>6p<sup>2</sup>
|no1= +2
|no2= +4
|no3=
|no4=
|PTImage={{Sandbox}}
|properties= [[corrosion]]-resistant, [[density|dense]], [[ductility|ductile]], and [[malleability|malleable]] blue-gray [[transition metal]]
|compounds=
|uses=
|hazard= toxic
}}
 
'''Lead''', is a [[chemical element]]. It is a [[heavy metal]], and is abundant in nature.  Lead has the symbol Pb (from the latin Plumbum).  It's [[atomic number]] is 82. Lead is a very corrosion-resistant, dense, ductile, and malleable blue-gray metal that has been used for at least 5,000 years.<ref>Intro sourced from http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/lead/ accessed 4/03/2008</ref>
 
Early uses of lead included building materials, [[pigments]] for [[glazing]] [[ceramics]], and [[pipe]]s for transporting water.  Prior to the early [[1900's]], uses of lead in the [[United States]] were primarily for [[ammunition]], [[brass]], burial vault liners, ceramic glazes, [[leaded glass]] and [[crystal]], [[paint]]s or other protective coatings, [[pewter]], and water lines and pipes.  {{TOC-left}}The advent of the [[electricity|electrical age]] and [[Communications Age|communications]], which were accelerated by technological developments in [[World War I]], resulted in the addition of [[bearing metals]], cable covering, [[caulking]] lead, [[solder]]s, and type metal to the list of lead uses.  With the growth in production of [[Automobile|public and private motorized vehicles]] and the associated use of starting-lighting-ignition (SLI) [[lead-acid storage batteries]] and [[terne metal]] for gas tanks after World War I, demand for lead increased.  Later, [[radiation shielding]] in [[Radiography|medical analysis]] and [[Television|video display equipment]] and as an [[Tetraethyl Lead|additive in gasoline]] also increased usage.
 
==History==
Long known, mentioned in [[Exodus]]. The ancients regarded lead as the father of all metals, but the deity they associated with the substance was [[Saturn]], the ghoulish [[titan]] who devoured his own young. The very word "saturnine," in its most specific meaning, applies to an individual whose temperament has become uniformly gloomy, cynical, and taciturn as the results of [[lead intoxication]].
 
In the rigidly hierarchical world of the ancients, lead was the plebeian metal deemed suitable for a vast variety of everyday uses.  . Lead products were, to a certain degree, accessible even to the poorest [[proletarian]]. But only the chosen few were at the top of the social totem pole were able to regularly indulge their insatiable craving for lead-containing products.
 
Lead was a key component in [[face powders]], [[rouges]], and [[mascaras]]; the [[pigment]] in many [[paint]]s ("crazy as a painter" was an ancient catch phrase rooted in the demented behavior of lead-poisoned painters); a nifty [[spermicide]] for informal birth control; the ideal "cold" metal for use in the manufacture of [[chastity belt]]s; a sweet and sour [[condiment]] popular for seasoning and adulterating [[food]]; a [[wine]] [[preservative]] perfect for stopping [[fermentation]] or disguising inferior vintages; the malleable and inexpensive ingredient in [[pewter]] cups, plates, pitchers, pots and pans, and other household artifacts; the basic component of lead [[coins]]; and a partial ingredient in [[debased bronze]] or [[brass]] coins as well as counterfeit [[silver]] and [[gold]] coins.
 
Most important of all was lead's suitability as inexpensive and reliable piping for the vast

Latest revision as of 18:20, 8 November 2010

This is the Citizendium sandbox where you can practice your first edits. You can also create a sandbox in your own user space by creating a page by either

  • placing a link on your user page by typing "[[/Sandbox]]" and clicking this link

or

  • search for "User:Your Username/Sandbox" with CZ's search box

or

  • use "http://en.citizendium.org/wiki/User:User_Name/sandbox" (substitute YOUR user name for the User_Name - don't forget to substitute the underline "_" for spaces in your name!) in the address field of your browser.
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