Valproic acid: Difference between revisions

From Citizendium
Jump to navigation Jump to search
imported>David E. Volk
(metabolism)
imported>David E. Volk
(→‎Metabolism: brand names)
Line 28: Line 28:
Valproic acid is metabolized principally by beta and omega oxidation in the liver.  Although more than 10 metabolites of valproic acid have been identified in human blood and urine, only [[2-propyl 2-pentanoic acid]] has been shown to accumulate in the brain and is 1.3 times more potent than its parent compound and it contributes
Valproic acid is metabolized principally by beta and omega oxidation in the liver.  Although more than 10 metabolites of valproic acid have been identified in human blood and urine, only [[2-propyl 2-pentanoic acid]] has been shown to accumulate in the brain and is 1.3 times more potent than its parent compound and it contributes
significantly to the anti-convulsant effect of chronically administered valproic acid.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.inchem.org/documents/pims/pharm/pim551.htm#PartTitle:3.%20%20PHYSICO-CHEMICAL%20PROPERTIES|accessdate=2008-06-29|title=International Programme on Chemical Safety's INCHEM}}</ref>
significantly to the anti-convulsant effect of chronically administered valproic acid.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.inchem.org/documents/pims/pharm/pim551.htm#PartTitle:3.%20%20PHYSICO-CHEMICAL%20PROPERTIES|accessdate=2008-06-29|title=International Programme on Chemical Safety's INCHEM}}</ref>
== Brand names ==
{{col-begin}}
{{col-break|width=33%}}
* Byk®
* Convulex®
* Convulexette®
* Depakene®
* Depakin®
* Depakine®
* Depamide®
* Deparkine®
{{col-break|width=33%}}
* Epilim®
* Epival®
* Ergenyl®
* Gerot®
* Mylproin®
* Leptilan®
* Leptilen®
{{col-break|width=33%}}
* Logical®
* Promonta®
* Valcote®
* Propymal®
* Orfilept®
* Orfiril®
* Vistora®
{{col-end}}


==External links==
==External links==

Revision as of 11:39, 29 June 2008

This article is developing and not approved.
Main Article
Discussion
Related Articles  [?]
Bibliography  [?]
External Links  [?]
Citable Version  [?]
 
This editable Main Article is under development and subject to a disclaimer.
Valproic acid.jpg
valproic acid
IUPAC name:
Synonyms: Abbott-44089; 2-Propylpentanoic acid; 2-Propylvaleric acid; di-n-dipropylacetic acid
Formula: C8H16O2

 Uses: anticonvulsant

 Properties: fatty acid derivative

 Hazards:

Mass (g/mol): CAS #:
144.2 99-66-1


Valproic acid is a medication that is "a fatty acid with anticonvulsant properties used in the treatment of epilepsy; the sodium salt is used in treating mood disorders. It also is used for neurogenic pain. It is a colorless to pale yellow liquid that is slightly soluble in water (1.2 mg/mL) but fully soluble in acetone, chloroform, ether and methanol.


The mechanisms of its therapeutic actions are not well understood. It may act by increasing gamma-aminobutyric acid levels in the brain or by altering the properties of voltage dependent sodium channels."[1]

Side effects

Valproic acid causes carnitine deficiency. All patients under valproate therapy should have their carnitine status monitored. Since available tests are not reliable indicators of carnitine status in tissues, prophylactic carnitine therapy can be considered. Intravenous carnitine is markedly superior to oral; oral acetylcarnitine may be advantageously used as well, if the underlying disorder allows it.

Benign hand tremor is not infrequent as a side effect, and can be suppressed, if there are no contraindications to their use, with beta-adrenergic antagonists.

Metabolism

Valproic acid is metabolized principally by beta and omega oxidation in the liver. Although more than 10 metabolites of valproic acid have been identified in human blood and urine, only 2-propyl 2-pentanoic acid has been shown to accumulate in the brain and is 1.3 times more potent than its parent compound and it contributes significantly to the anti-convulsant effect of chronically administered valproic acid.[2]

Brand names

  • Byk®
  • Convulex®
  • Convulexette®
  • Depakene®
  • Depakin®
  • Depakine®
  • Depamide®
  • Deparkine®

  • Epilim®
  • Epival®
  • Ergenyl®
  • Gerot®
  • Mylproin®
  • Leptilan®
  • Leptilen®

  • Logical®
  • Promonta®
  • Valcote®
  • Propymal®
  • Orfilept®
  • Orfiril®
  • Vistora®

External links

The most up-to-date information about Valproic acid and other drugs can be found at the following sites.


References