Clonidine: Difference between revisions
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In [[pharmacology]], '''clonidine''' is a "alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Clonidine acts centrally by reducing sympathetic tone, resulting in a fall in diastolic and systolic blood pressure and a reduction in heart rate. It also acts peripherally, and this peripheral activity may be responsible for the transient increase in blood pressure seen during rapid intravenous administration. (From Martindale, the Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p350)."<ref>{{MeSH}}</ref> | In [[pharmacology]], '''clonidine''' is a "alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Clonidine acts centrally by reducing sympathetic tone, resulting in a fall in diastolic and systolic blood pressure and a reduction in heart rate. It also acts peripherally, and this peripheral activity may be responsible for the transient increase in blood pressure seen during rapid intravenous administration. (From Martindale, the Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p350)."<ref>{{MeSH}}</ref> | ||
Its main use is for [[hypertension]], but it has also been studied for [[alcohol withdrawal]]. | Its main use is for [[hypertension]], but it has also been studied for [[pain]] and for [[alcohol withdrawal]]. | ||
==Absorption== | |||
The bioavailability of an oral dose is nearly 100%.<ref name="isbn0-07-142280-3">{{cite book |author= |authorlink= |editor=Keith Parker; Laurence Brunton; Goodman, Louis Sanford; Lazo, John S.; Gilman, Alfred |others= |title=Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics |edition=11th |chapter=α2-Selective Adrenergic Receptor Agonists |chapterurl=http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=936531 |language= |publisher=McGraw-Hill |location=New York |year=2006 |origyear= |pages= |quote= |isbn=0-07-142280-3 |oclc= |doi= |url=http://www.accessmedicine.com/resourceTOC.aspx?resourceID=28 |accessdate=}}</ref> | |||
==Adverse effects== | |||
==Rebound hypertension== | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 23:23, 15 January 2009
In pharmacology, clonidine is a "alpha-2 adrenergic agonist that crosses the blood-brain barrier. Clonidine acts centrally by reducing sympathetic tone, resulting in a fall in diastolic and systolic blood pressure and a reduction in heart rate. It also acts peripherally, and this peripheral activity may be responsible for the transient increase in blood pressure seen during rapid intravenous administration. (From Martindale, the Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p350)."[1]
Its main use is for hypertension, but it has also been studied for pain and for alcohol withdrawal.
Absorption
The bioavailability of an oral dose is nearly 100%.[2]
Adverse effects
Rebound hypertension
References
- ↑ Anonymous (2024), Clonidine (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ↑ (2006) “α2-Selective Adrenergic Receptor Agonists”, Keith Parker; Laurence Brunton; Goodman, Louis Sanford; Lazo, John S.; Gilman, Alfred: Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 11th. New York: McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0-07-142280-3.
External links
The most up-to-date information about Clonidine and other drugs can be found at the following sites.
- Clonidine - FDA approved drug information (drug label) from DailyMed (U.S. National Library of Medicine).
- Clonidine - Drug information for consumers from MedlinePlus (U.S. National Library of Medicine).
- Clonidine - Detailed information from DrugBank.