Anabolism: Difference between revisions

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{{otheruses4|anabolism and catabolism as types of metabolism|steroids with anabolic properties|Anabolic steroid}}
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{{Metabolism}}
'''Anabolism''' is the set of processes in living things that build up bodies.  Biochemically, that means making larger [[molecule]]s from smaller ones, and anatomically, that means increasing the size of bones, and muscles and other organs through normal growth and strengthening. One way of categorizing [[metabolic]] processes, whether at the [[cell (biology)|cell]]ular, organ or organism level is as 'anabolic' or '[[catabolism|catabolic]]', which is the opposite.


 
Anabolic pathways usually require energy (provided by [[adenosine triphosphate|ATP hydrolysis]] and reducing power (most often donated by [[NADPH]]). These pathways are involved in the enlargement, differentiation and proliferation of of cells. Examples of complex anabolic processes include growth and mineralization of [[bone]] and increase of [[muscle]] mass.
'''Anabolism''' is the [[metabolic]] process that builds larger [[molecules]] from smaller ones. One way of categorizing [[metabolic]] processes, whether at the [[cell (biology)|cell]]ular, organ or organism level is as 'anabolic' or '[[catabolism|catabolic]]', which is the opposite.
 
Anabolic pathways usually require energy (provided by [[adenosine triphosphate|ATP hydrolysis]] and reducing power (most often donated by [[NADPH]]). These pathways are needed in order to produce growth, differentiation and eventually proliferation of of cells. Examples of complex anabolic processes include growth and mineralization of [[bone]] and increase of [[muscle]] mass.


Because it is counterproductive to have anabolic and catabolic processes occurring in cells simultaneously, there are many signals that switch on anabolic processes while switching off catabolic processes and vice versa. Most of the known signals are [[hormone]]s and the molecules involved in metabolism itself. [[Endocrinologist]]s have traditionally classified many of the hormones as anabolic or catabolic.
Because it is counterproductive to have anabolic and catabolic processes occurring in cells simultaneously, there are many signals that switch on anabolic processes while switching off catabolic processes and vice versa. Most of the known signals are [[hormone]]s and the molecules involved in metabolism itself. [[Endocrinologist]]s have traditionally classified many of the hormones as anabolic or catabolic.
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==Classic Anabolic Hormones ==
==Classic Anabolic Hormones ==
*[[Growth hormone]]
*[[Growth hormone]]
*[[IGF1]] and other [[insulin-like growth factor]]s
*[[IGF-1]] and other [[insulin-like growth factor]]s
*[[Insulin]]
*[[Insulin]]
*[[Testosterone]]
*[[Testosterone]]
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Newer hormones associated with the balance of the catabolic and anabolic states include
Newer hormones associated with the balance of the catabolic and anabolic states include
*[[Orexin]] and [[Hypocretin]] (a hormone pair)
*[[Orexin]] (also called [[Hypocretin]]), made by nerve cells in the [[hypothalamus]]  
*[[Melatonin]]
*[[Melatonin]], produced by cells in the [[pineal gland]]
 
==See also==
* [[Metabolism]]
 
[[Category:Metabolism]]
 
{{biochem-stub}}
[[Category:CZ Live]]
[[Category:Biology Workgroup]]

Revision as of 02:03, 2 June 2009

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Anabolism is the set of processes in living things that build up bodies. Biochemically, that means making larger molecules from smaller ones, and anatomically, that means increasing the size of bones, and muscles and other organs through normal growth and strengthening. One way of categorizing metabolic processes, whether at the cellular, organ or organism level is as 'anabolic' or 'catabolic', which is the opposite.

Anabolic pathways usually require energy (provided by ATP hydrolysis and reducing power (most often donated by NADPH). These pathways are involved in the enlargement, differentiation and proliferation of of cells. Examples of complex anabolic processes include growth and mineralization of bone and increase of muscle mass.

Because it is counterproductive to have anabolic and catabolic processes occurring in cells simultaneously, there are many signals that switch on anabolic processes while switching off catabolic processes and vice versa. Most of the known signals are hormones and the molecules involved in metabolism itself. Endocrinologists have traditionally classified many of the hormones as anabolic or catabolic.

Anabolic Pathways

Classic Anabolic Hormones

Newer hormones associated with the balance of the catabolic and anabolic states include