S-300 PMU (missile): Difference between revisions

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(New page: '''S-300 PMU''' is the starting designation of a series of highly respected, Soviet-designed surface-to-air missiles, the land version of which is designated '''SA-10 GRUMBLE''' in the...)
 
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'''S-300 PMU''' is the starting designation of a series of highly respected, Soviet-designed [[surface-to-air missile]]s, the land version of which is designated '''SA-10 GRUMBLE''' in the [[Defense Intelligence Agency]] (DIA)/[[North Atlantic Treaty Organization]] (NATO) system.  The ship-based version, mounted on the [[Kirov-class]] and [[Slava-class]], is '''SA-N-6 GRUMBLE'''. Later versions have [[anti-ballistic missile]] against [[theater ballistic missile]]s and also against [[cruise missile]]s. <ref name=Deagel>{{citation
'''S-300 PMU''' is the starting designation of a series of highly respected, Soviet-designed [[surface-to-air missile]]s, the land version of which is designated '''SA-10 GRUMBLE''' in the [[Defense Intelligence Agency]] (DIA)/[[North Atlantic Treaty Organization]] (NATO) system.  The ship-based version, mounted on the [[Kirov-class]] and [[Slava-class]] cruisers, is '''SA-N-6 GRUMBLE'''. Later versions have [[anti-ballistic missile]] against [[theater ballistic missile]]s and also against [[cruise missile]]s. <ref name=Deagel>{{citation
  | url = http://www.deagel.com/Air-Defense-Systems/S-300PMU1_a000372001.aspx
  | url = http://www.deagel.com/Air-Defense-Systems/S-300PMU1_a000372001.aspx
  | publisher = Deagel.com
  | publisher = Deagel.com
  | title = S-300}}</ref>  
  | title = S-300}}</ref> They were developed by the Almaz Central Design Bureau.


Upgrades are designated S-300PMU-1 and S-300PMU-2 Favorit. Favorit is described as an essentially new system.<ref name=EF>{{citation
| url = http://www.enemyforces.net/missiles/s300pmu2.htm
| title = S-300PMU2 Favorit
| publisher = EnemyForces.net}}</ref>
The [[S-400 (missile)]] system is its replacement, with even more antimissile capability.
==Effectiveness and impact==
It is comparable to the U.S. [[MIM-104 Patriot]] in a land-based version and the [[RIM-156 Standard SM-2]] at sea, although the Russians argue it is superior to Patriot. While surface-to-air missiles are defensive, missiles of this quality affect the strategic balance: if [[Iran]], for example, puts a significant S-300 system around its nuclear facilities, the Israeli Air Force may not have sufficient [[suppression of enemy air defense]] capability to penetrate it. <ref name=ForPol>{{citation
It is comparable to the U.S. [[MIM-104 Patriot]] in a land-based version and the [[RIM-156 Standard SM-2]] at sea, although the Russians argue it is superior to Patriot. While surface-to-air missiles are defensive, missiles of this quality affect the strategic balance: if [[Iran]], for example, puts a significant S-300 system around its nuclear facilities, the Israeli Air Force may not have sufficient [[suppression of enemy air defense]] capability to penetrate it. <ref name=ForPol>{{citation
  | url = http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2009/10/02/the_other_ticking_clock_in_iran?print=yes&hidecomments=yes&page=full
  | url = http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2009/10/02/the_other_ticking_clock_in_iran?print=yes&hidecomments=yes&page=full
Line 12: Line 19:
  | title = Medvedev Leaves Wiggle Room on Sanctions: Russia's Firmer Talk May Not Translate Into Action on Iran | journal = Wall Street Journal
  | title = Medvedev Leaves Wiggle Room on Sanctions: Russia's Firmer Talk May Not Translate Into Action on Iran | journal = Wall Street Journal
  | url = http://online.wsj.com/article/SB125408951398144645.html
  | url = http://online.wsj.com/article/SB125408951398144645.html
  | author = Gregory L. White}}</ref>
  | author = Gregory L. White}}</ref> S-300 systems definitely have been sold to [[China]] and [[India]].
 
In 1998-1999, complex negotiations among Greece, Turkey, and Cyprus downgraded a planned S-300 installation on Cyprus to a [[SA-15]] deployment on Crete. <ref name=>{{citation
| url = http://cns.miis.edu/cyprus/chrlate.htm
| publisher = James Martin Center For Nonproliferation Studies 
| date = 1 February 1999
| title = Cyprus, the S-300PMU-1 Missile System, and Regional Security: An Annotated Chronology }}</ref>
==System characteristics==
At the center of a deployed system on land is a 54K6E command and control vehicle, which connects to radar vehicles, up to 12 transporter-erector-launcher (TEL) vehicles carrying the missiles, and support equipment.  Each TEL holds four missiles, in sealed canisters forming a [[vertical launch system]] giving 360-degree coverage.  With well-trained crews, the system can be firing 5 minutes after the vehicles stop.
 
Originally, the system ground radar was a 30N6E1, which can be upgraded to a 64N6E; it also uses [[track-via-missile]] with a linked active radar in the missile.  The radar and computer system can engage six simultaneous targets, with two missiles fired at each target.
 
In the S-300PMU2, the battle management van upgrades to a 54K6E2, but, more significantly, there is a 83M6E2 command post, associated with a long-range 64N6E2 radar. The 83M6E2 can coordinate the activities of up to six 54K6E2-centered systems, giving capability against 36 targets (i.e., 72 interceptors in flight).<ref name=EF />
 
Missiles, as well, are upgradable. As with the Patriot in its PAC-3 version, some range against aircraft was sacrificed to get better anti-missile performance.
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! width=10%|Missile
! width=45%|vs. Aircraft
! width=45%|vs. TBM
|-
| 5V55
| 5-90 km range<br /> maximum altitude 30km<br /> maximum speed 1150 mps (Mach 4)
| 35 km engagement range<br /> vs. 300 km class [[SRBM]]
|-
| 48N6E
| 5-50km range<br /> maximum altitude 27 km<br /> maximum speed 2800 mps (Mach 8)
| 40 km engagement range<br /> vs. 1000 km class [[MRBM]]
|-
| 48N6E2
| (lower than 48N6E)-200km range<br /> maximum altitude 27 km<br /> maximum speed 10000 mps (Mach 9)
| 40 km engagement range<br /> vs. 1000 km class [[MRBM]]
|}


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}

Revision as of 12:50, 13 October 2009

S-300 PMU is the starting designation of a series of highly respected, Soviet-designed surface-to-air missiles, the land version of which is designated SA-10 GRUMBLE in the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA)/North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) system. The ship-based version, mounted on the Kirov-class and Slava-class cruisers, is SA-N-6 GRUMBLE. Later versions have anti-ballistic missile against theater ballistic missiles and also against cruise missiles. [1] They were developed by the Almaz Central Design Bureau.

Upgrades are designated S-300PMU-1 and S-300PMU-2 Favorit. Favorit is described as an essentially new system.[2]

The S-400 (missile) system is its replacement, with even more antimissile capability.

Effectiveness and impact

It is comparable to the U.S. MIM-104 Patriot in a land-based version and the RIM-156 Standard SM-2 at sea, although the Russians argue it is superior to Patriot. While surface-to-air missiles are defensive, missiles of this quality affect the strategic balance: if Iran, for example, puts a significant S-300 system around its nuclear facilities, the Israeli Air Force may not have sufficient suppression of enemy air defense capability to penetrate it. [3] There are conflicting reports, however, if Russia has actually shipped them to Iraq. [4] S-300 systems definitely have been sold to China and India.

In 1998-1999, complex negotiations among Greece, Turkey, and Cyprus downgraded a planned S-300 installation on Cyprus to a SA-15 deployment on Crete. [5]

System characteristics

At the center of a deployed system on land is a 54K6E command and control vehicle, which connects to radar vehicles, up to 12 transporter-erector-launcher (TEL) vehicles carrying the missiles, and support equipment. Each TEL holds four missiles, in sealed canisters forming a vertical launch system giving 360-degree coverage. With well-trained crews, the system can be firing 5 minutes after the vehicles stop.

Originally, the system ground radar was a 30N6E1, which can be upgraded to a 64N6E; it also uses track-via-missile with a linked active radar in the missile. The radar and computer system can engage six simultaneous targets, with two missiles fired at each target.

In the S-300PMU2, the battle management van upgrades to a 54K6E2, but, more significantly, there is a 83M6E2 command post, associated with a long-range 64N6E2 radar. The 83M6E2 can coordinate the activities of up to six 54K6E2-centered systems, giving capability against 36 targets (i.e., 72 interceptors in flight).[2]

Missiles, as well, are upgradable. As with the Patriot in its PAC-3 version, some range against aircraft was sacrificed to get better anti-missile performance.

Missile vs. Aircraft vs. TBM
5V55 5-90 km range
maximum altitude 30km
maximum speed 1150 mps (Mach 4) 		35 km engagement range
vs. 300 km class SRBM
48N6E 5-50km range
maximum altitude 27 km
maximum speed 2800 mps (Mach 8) 		40 km engagement range
vs. 1000 km class MRBM
48N6E2 (lower than 48N6E)-200km range
maximum altitude 27 km
maximum speed 10000 mps (Mach 9) 		40 km engagement range
vs. 1000 km class MRBM

References

  1. ↑ S-300, Deagel.com
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 S-300PMU2 Favorit, EnemyForces.net
  3. ↑ Christian Caryl (2 October 2009), "The Other Ticking Clock in Iran: Forget about Iran's nukes for the moment. The real crisis is its drive for advanced surface-to-air missiles.", Foreign Policy (magazine)
  4. ↑ Gregory L. White (28 September 2009), "Medvedev Leaves Wiggle Room on Sanctions: Russia's Firmer Talk May Not Translate Into Action on Iran", Wall Street Journal
  5. ↑ Cyprus, the S-300PMU-1 Missile System, and Regional Security: An Annotated Chronology, James Martin Center For Nonproliferation Studies, 1 February 1999
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