Vipera albicornuta: Difference between revisions
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{{Taxobox | {{Taxobox | ||
| color = pink | | color = pink | ||
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| classis = Reptilia | | classis = Reptilia | ||
| ordo = Squamata | | ordo = Squamata | ||
| subordo = [[Snake|Serpentes]] | | subordo = [[Snake (animal)|Serpentes]] | ||
| familia = Viperidae | | familia = Viperidae | ||
| subfamilia = [[Viperinae]] | | subfamilia = [[Viperinae]] | ||
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| binomial_authority = Nilson & Andrén, 1985 | | binomial_authority = Nilson & Andrén, 1985 | ||
| synonyms = * ''Vipera albicornuta'' - Nilson & Andrén, 1985 | | synonyms = * ''Vipera albicornuta'' - Nilson & Andrén, 1985 | ||
* ''Vipera raddei albicornuta'' - Golay et al., 1993<ref name="McD99">McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, vol. 1. Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. ISBN 1-893777-00-6 (series). ISBN 1-893777-01-4 (volume).</ref> | * ''Vipera raddei albicornuta'' - Golay et al., 1993<ref name="McD99">McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, vol. 1. Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. ISBN 1-893777-00-6 (series). ISBN 1-893777-01-4 (volume).</ref><ref>Golay P, Smith HM, Broadley DG, Dixon JR, McCarthy. Golray P, Schatti J-C, Toriba M. 1993. Endoglyphs and Other Major Venomous Snakes of the World: A Checklist. New York: Springer-Verlag. 393 pp.</ref> | ||
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'''Common names''': Iranian mountain viper, zigzag mountain viper.<ref name="Mal03">Mallow D, Ludwig D, Nilson G. 2003. True Vipers: Natural History and Toxinology of Old World Vipers. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, Florida. 359 pp. ISBN 0-89464-877-2.</ref> | '''Common names''': Iranian mountain viper, zigzag mountain viper.<ref name="Mal03">Mallow D, Ludwig D, Nilson G. 2003. True Vipers: Natural History and Toxinology of Old World Vipers. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, Florida. 359 pp. ISBN 0-89464-877-2.</ref> | ||
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'''''Vipera albicornuta''''' is a venomous [[Viperinae|viper]] species endemic in | '''''Vipera albicornuta''''' is a venomous [[Viperinae|viper]] species endemic in Iran.<ref name="McD99"/> No subspecies are currently recognized.<ref name="ITIS">[http://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=634983 ''Vipera albicornuta'' (TSN 634983)] at [http://www.itis.gov/index.html Integrated Taxonomic Information System]. Accessed 9 May 2007.</ref> | ||
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
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==Geographic range== | ==Geographic range== | ||
The Zanjan Valley and surrounding mountains in northwestern | The Zanjan Valley and surrounding mountains in northwestern Iran. The type locality given is "Abhar in the Zanjan valley, between Tabriz and Tehran.<ref name="McD99"/> Mallow et al. (1993) describe the range as "parts of the Elburz, Talysh and Zanjan mountains."<ref name="Mal03"/> | ||
== | ==References== | ||
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Common names: Iranian mountain viper, zigzag mountain viper.[3]
Vipera albicornuta is a venomous viper species endemic in Iran.[1] No subspecies are currently recognized.[4]
Description
Grows to a maximum length of 66 cm.[3]
The head is relatively small and elongated, although fairly distinct from the neck. The supraoculars are raised and separated from the eyes by a row of small scales. The nostril is centered in a large nasal scale that is partially fused with the prenasals. A loreal scale is present between the upper preocular and nasal. The supraoculars are separated by at least 7 scales, and by a total of 24-28 scales. The supraocular are separated from the supranasals by 2 canthal scales. 2 apical scales border the rostral. The rostral is wider than it is high. There are 12-16 intercanthals. The total number of scales on the top of the head is 39-40. There are 13-15 circumorbital scales with an incomplete outer ring of 13-17 scales. There are supralabials 9, separated from the eye by 1-2 scale rows. There are 11-12 sublabials, 2 large anterior chin shields, 4 posterior chin shields and 2-3 preventrals.[3]
Midbody there are 23 dorsal scale rows. The ventrals number 165-171. There are 35-38 subcaudals (in males). The anal scale is single.[3]
The color pattern consists of a grayish brown ground color with a darker brown zigzig pattern, made up of about 44-52 windings and edged with black. The belly is dark and mottled with a lighter shade. On the head, deep black bands run from the back of the eye to the angle of the mouth. Supraoculars noticeably pale. There is a row of dark blotches along each side of the dorsum. The back of the head has distinct, teardrop-shaped deep black spots. The throat is whitish with dark mottling.[3]
Geographic range
The Zanjan Valley and surrounding mountains in northwestern Iran. The type locality given is "Abhar in the Zanjan valley, between Tabriz and Tehran.[1] Mallow et al. (1993) describe the range as "parts of the Elburz, Talysh and Zanjan mountains."[3]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, vol. 1. Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. ISBN 1-893777-00-6 (series). ISBN 1-893777-01-4 (volume).
- ↑ Golay P, Smith HM, Broadley DG, Dixon JR, McCarthy. Golray P, Schatti J-C, Toriba M. 1993. Endoglyphs and Other Major Venomous Snakes of the World: A Checklist. New York: Springer-Verlag. 393 pp.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Mallow D, Ludwig D, Nilson G. 2003. True Vipers: Natural History and Toxinology of Old World Vipers. Krieger Publishing Company, Malabar, Florida. 359 pp. ISBN 0-89464-877-2.
- ↑ Vipera albicornuta (TSN 634983) at Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Accessed 9 May 2007.