N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor: Difference between revisions
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{{Image|NMDA receptor.jpg|right|350px|Activation occurs when either glutamate (Glu) or N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) and glycine (Gly) bind to the receptor molecule. A channel within the receptor complex enables molecules to cross the cell membrane. Magnesium (Mg) blocks this channel. When Mg is removed from the channel and the receptor is activated, calcium (Ca<sup>2+</sup>) and sodium (Na<sup>+</sup>) ions enter the cell and potassium ions (K<sup>+</sup>) leave. MK-801 prevents the flow of ions across the membrane by binding to a site within the ion channel, thereby blocking NMDA receptor function and protecting the cell against excess activation (i.e., excitotoxicity).}} | |||
The '''N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor''' (NMDA receptor) is the binding site for [[glutamate]], [[n-methyl-d-aspartate]] and [[glycine]].<ref>{{MeSH}}</ref> NMDA receptors are [[ionotropic]] as they allow calcium and sodium ions to flow into the cell while potassium ions leave. This excitatory change hypopolarizes the cell and makes it more likely to [[action potential|fire]]. | The '''N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor''' (NMDA receptor) is the binding site for [[glutamate]], [[n-methyl-d-aspartate]] and [[glycine]].<ref>{{MeSH}}</ref> NMDA receptors are [[ionotropic]] as they allow calcium and sodium ions to flow into the cell while potassium ions leave. This excitatory change hypopolarizes the cell and makes it more likely to [[action potential|fire]]. | ||
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NMDA receptors are implicated in memory and learning through the process of [[long-term potentiation]]. | NMDA receptors are implicated in memory and learning through the process of [[long-term potentiation]]. | ||
NMDA receptor inhibitors may help treat [[dementia]] | ==Pharmacology== | ||
===NMDA receptor inhibitors=== | |||
NMDA receptor antagonists include [[ketamine]], [[memantine]], [[dextromethorphan]], [[methadone]], and [[MK-801]]. | |||
NMDA receptor inhibitors may help treat [[dementia]]<ref name="pmid17012333">{{cite journal |author=Ellul J, Archer N, Foy CM, ''et al'' |title=The effects of commonly prescribed drugs in patients with Alzheimer's disease on the rate of deterioration |journal=J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. |volume=78 |issue=3 |pages=233–9 |year=2007 |month=March |pmid=17012333 |doi=10.1136/jnnp.2006.104034 |url=http://jnnp.bmj.com/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=17012333 |issn=}}</ref> and tolerance to [[opioid analgesic]]s<ref name="pmid16629581">{{cite journal| author=Prommer E| title=Rotating methadone to other opioids: a lesson in the mechanisms of opioid tolerance and opioid-induced pain. | journal=J Palliat Med | year= 2006 | volume= 9 | issue= 2 | pages= 488-93 | pmid=16629581 | |||
| url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16629581 | doi=10.1089/jpm.2006.9.488 }} <!--Formatted by http://sumsearch.uthscsa.edu/cite/--></ref>. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
<references/> | <references/>[[Category:Suggestion Bot Tag]] | ||
Latest revision as of 11:00, 22 September 2024
(PD) Image: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism
Activation occurs when either glutamate (Glu) or N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) and glycine (Gly) bind to the receptor molecule. A channel within the receptor complex enables molecules to cross the cell membrane. Magnesium (Mg) blocks this channel. When Mg is removed from the channel and the receptor is activated, calcium (Ca2+) and sodium (Na+) ions enter the cell and potassium ions (K+) leave. MK-801 prevents the flow of ions across the membrane by binding to a site within the ion channel, thereby blocking NMDA receptor function and protecting the cell against excess activation (i.e., excitotoxicity).
Activation occurs when either glutamate (Glu) or N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) and glycine (Gly) bind to the receptor molecule. A channel within the receptor complex enables molecules to cross the cell membrane. Magnesium (Mg) blocks this channel. When Mg is removed from the channel and the receptor is activated, calcium (Ca2+) and sodium (Na+) ions enter the cell and potassium ions (K+) leave. MK-801 prevents the flow of ions across the membrane by binding to a site within the ion channel, thereby blocking NMDA receptor function and protecting the cell against excess activation (i.e., excitotoxicity).
The N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDA receptor) is the binding site for glutamate, n-methyl-d-aspartate and glycine.[1] NMDA receptors are ionotropic as they allow calcium and sodium ions to flow into the cell while potassium ions leave. This excitatory change hypopolarizes the cell and makes it more likely to fire.
NMDA receptors are implicated in memory and learning through the process of long-term potentiation.
Pharmacology
NMDA receptor inhibitors
NMDA receptor antagonists include ketamine, memantine, dextromethorphan, methadone, and MK-801.
NMDA receptor inhibitors may help treat dementia[2] and tolerance to opioid analgesics[3].
References
- ↑ Anonymous (2024), N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ↑ Ellul J, Archer N, Foy CM, et al (March 2007). "The effects of commonly prescribed drugs in patients with Alzheimer's disease on the rate of deterioration". J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. 78 (3): 233–9. DOI:10.1136/jnnp.2006.104034. PMID 17012333. Research Blogging.
- ↑ Prommer E (2006). "Rotating methadone to other opioids: a lesson in the mechanisms of opioid tolerance and opioid-induced pain.". J Palliat Med 9 (2): 488-93. DOI:10.1089/jpm.2006.9.488. PMID 16629581. Research Blogging.