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A '''fireboat''' is a special-purpose boat designed to fight fires.
{{Image|Cotter2017.jpg|right|400px|Fireboat [[Edward M. Cotter (fireboat)|Edward M. Cotter]] Cotter showing off the use of its water cannon near [[Buffalo, New York]] in 2017.}}
A '''fireboat''' is a special-purpose boat designed to fight fires.<ref name=FireboatsThenNow/>  Fireboats use their water cannons to fight fires on other vessels or on docks, bridges and waterfront warehouses.  Medium and large fireboats are generally equipped with fittings where land-based [[fire engine]]s can attach their hoses.  These fittings, called "manifolds" provide the same attachment mechanism as a land-based [[fire hydrant]], so the fireboats pumps can supply water when a disaster has been serious enough to rupture a fire department's underground fire mains. 


Most commonly they are found in [[seaport]]s and [[riverport]]s.  Originally, they fought fires solely with powerful water cannons.  In the 20th century, they began to mix their water with additives to make them more effective.  Additives included agents to generate foam, make the water sticky, or change its viscosity so it could be thrown farther.  Fireboats may be dispatched to fight fires on land, when doing so allows firefighters to reach areas not accessible from surrounding roads.
See the [[Fireboat/Related_Articles|list of fireboats]] documented in this wiki.


In the late 19th century and early 20th century all fireboats were powered by steam, and their engine room crew needed to be trained marinersLater in the 20th century the use of internal combustion engines reduced the purely nautical skills crew requiredLate in the 20th century shipyards started to build smaller fireboats which required maritime skills comparable to those required for pleasurecraft.
Most commonly, fireboats are found in [[seaport]]s and [[riverport]]s.  Originally, they fought fires solely with powerful water cannons.  In the 20th century, they began to mix their water with additives to make them more effectiveAdditives included agents to generate foam, make the water sticky, or change its viscosity so it could be thrown fartherFireboats may be dispatched to fight fires on land, when doing so allows firefighters to reach areas not accessible from surrounding roads.


Fireboats use their water cannons to not only fight fires on other vessels, but also to fight fires on docks, and waterfront warehousesMedium and large fireboats are generally equipped with manifold where land-based [[fire engine]]s can attach their hoses, so their pumps can supply water when a disaster has been serious enough to rupture a fire department's underground fire mainsMany larger or older fireboats were equipped with fittings that would allow shore-based firefighters to attach hoses, in the event a disaster, like a bomb or an earthquake, had damaged nearby underground fire mains.
==Early fireboats==
In the late 19th century and early 20th century, all fireboats were powered by steam, and their engine room crew needed to be trained mariners.<ref name=FireboatsThenNow/> Later in the 20th century the use of internal combustion engines reduced the purely nautical skills crew requiredLate in the 20th century shipyards started to build smaller fireboats which required maritime skills comparable to those required for pleasurecraft.


Some early fireboats were equipped with rams, so that they could ram and sink vessels that were aflame, before they collided with other vessels and set them ablaze as well.
Some early fireboats were equipped with rams, so that they could ram and sink vessels that were aflame, before they collided with other vessels and set them ablaze as well.


The collapse of the [[World Trade Center]] towers, on September 11, 2001, ruptured nearby fire mains, and [[New York Fire Department]] firefighters relied on the pumps of their fireboats to supply water pressure.
==Recent fireboats==
In recent decades fireboats are likely to have sealed wheelhouses, where crew can use remote control to direct their water cannons, even when the ambient air is dangerous.  In recent decades fireboats are likely to have frontline medical facilities to treat victims.  In recent decades fireboats are likely to be equipped with tools to contain spills of oil, toxic chemicals, or water contaminated by nuclear, biological or chemical weapons.  In recent decades fireboats are likely to be equipped with high-tech sensors, like radar and infrared cameras.  The infrared sensor can not only help firefighters locate the hottest, thus most dangerous parts of a fire, but can also be used to help find victims lost at sea, or victims of a man-overboard situation, at night, or when vision in visible light is reduced due to fog or smoke.


In recent decades fireboats are likely to have sealed wheelhouses, where crew can use remote control to direct their water cannons, even when the ambient air is dangerous. In recent decades fireboats are likely to have frontline medical facilities to treat victimsIn recent decades fireboats are likely to be equipped with tools to contain spills of oil, toxic chemicals, or water contaminated by nuclear, biological or chemical weaponsIn recent decades fireboats are likely to be equipped with high-tech sensors, like radar and infrared cameras.  The infrared sensor can not only help firefighters locate the hottest, thus most dangerous parts of a fire, but can also be used to help find victims lost at sea, or victims of a man-overboard situation, at night, or when vision in visible light is reduced due to fog or smoke.
In recent decades, it has been possible to construct relatively powerful smaller fireboats using propulsion systems similar to high-end recreational craft, that do not require mariners.<ref name=FireboatsThenNow/>  While the smaller fireboats enabled by newer technology made owning an operating a fireboat more affordable for smaller municipalities, many ports had less requirement for fireboats, since docks and shoreside warehouses were built of less flamable material than the woods often used in the past.
 
==Fireboats after the [[9/11 Attack|9/11]] attack==
During the [[9/11 Attack|9/11]] attack in 2001, the collapse of the [[World Trade Center]] towers ruptured nearby fire mains, and [[New York Fire Department]] firefighters relied on the pumps of their fireboats to supply water pressure.<ref name=FireboatsThenNow/> Following those attacks, the [[United States of America]] [[Federal Emergency Management Agency]] began giving American cities grants to pay for, or partially subsidize, the purchase of new fireboats, provided those fireboats were also equipped to help in the case of attacks from nuclear weapons, chemical weapons, germ warfare, or spills from toxic chemicals.  Typically, FEMA-sponsored fireboats have sealed cabs to protect the crew from fallout, nerve gas, biowar, or chemical spillsThey may also be equipped with infrared or other sensors that permit the crew to operate in heavy smoke, fog, or gas attack.  The infrared sensors are also very useful in using heat signatures to find people who have jumped into the water, or fallen overboard.
 
==References==
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name=FireboatsThenNow>
{{cite news     
| url        = https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Fireboats_-_Then_and_Now.pdf
| title      = Fireboats - Then and Now
| work        = [[US Fire Administration]]
| author      = Joseph Ockerhausen, Hollis Stambaugh, Seth Kelly
| date        = 2003
| page        =
| location    =
| isbn        =
| language    =
| trans-title =
| archiveurl  =
| archivedate =
| accessdate  = 2023-11-29
| url-status  = live
| quote      =
}}
</ref>
 
{{cite news   
| url        =
| title      =
| work        =
| author      =
| date        =
| page        =
| location    =
| isbn        =
| language    =
| trans-title =
| archiveurl  =
| archivedate =
| accessdate  = 2023-11-29
| url-status  = live     
| quote      =
}}
</ref>


In recent decades it has been possible to construct relatively powerful smaller fireboats using propulsion systems similar to high-end recreational craft, that do not require mariners. While the smaller fireboats enabled by newer technology made owning an operating a fireboat more affordable for smaller municipalities, many ports had less requirement for fireboats, since docks and shoreside warehouses were built of less flamable material than the woods often used in the past.
{{cite news   
| url        =
| title      =
| work        =
| author      =
| date        =
| page        =
| location    =
| isbn        =
| language    =
| trans-title =
| archiveurl =
| archivedate =
| accessdate  = 2023-11-29
| url-status  = live
| quote      =
}}
</ref>


Following [[9-11 Attack|Al Qaeda's attacks on September 11, 2001]], the [[United States]] [[Federal Emergency Management Agency]] began giving American cities grants to pay for or partially subsidize the purchase of new fireboats - provided those fireboats were also equipped to help in the case of attacks from nuclear weapons, chemical weapons or germ warfare - or from spills from toxic chemicals.  Typically FEMA sponsored fireboats have sealed cabs, to protect the crew from fallout, nerve gas, biowar, or chemical spills.  Typically they are also equipped with infrared or other sensors, that permit the crew to operate in heavy smoke, fog, or gas attack.  The infrard sensors are also very useful in using heat signatures to find people who have jumped into the water, or fallen overboard.
{{cite news   
| url        =
| title      =
| work        =
| author      =
| date        =
| page        =
| location    =
| isbn        =
| language    =
| trans-title =
| archiveurl  =
| archivedate =
| accessdate  = 2023-11-29
| url-status  = live
| quote      =
}}
</ref>
}}[[Category:Suggestion Bot Tag]]

Latest revision as of 16:01, 16 August 2024

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Fireboat Edward M. Cotter Cotter showing off the use of its water cannon near Buffalo, New York in 2017.

A fireboat is a special-purpose boat designed to fight fires.[1] Fireboats use their water cannons to fight fires on other vessels or on docks, bridges and waterfront warehouses. Medium and large fireboats are generally equipped with fittings where land-based fire engines can attach their hoses. These fittings, called "manifolds" provide the same attachment mechanism as a land-based fire hydrant, so the fireboats pumps can supply water when a disaster has been serious enough to rupture a fire department's underground fire mains.

See the list of fireboats documented in this wiki.

Most commonly, fireboats are found in seaports and riverports. Originally, they fought fires solely with powerful water cannons. In the 20th century, they began to mix their water with additives to make them more effective. Additives included agents to generate foam, make the water sticky, or change its viscosity so it could be thrown farther. Fireboats may be dispatched to fight fires on land, when doing so allows firefighters to reach areas not accessible from surrounding roads.

Early fireboats

In the late 19th century and early 20th century, all fireboats were powered by steam, and their engine room crew needed to be trained mariners.[1] Later in the 20th century the use of internal combustion engines reduced the purely nautical skills crew required. Late in the 20th century shipyards started to build smaller fireboats which required maritime skills comparable to those required for pleasurecraft.

Some early fireboats were equipped with rams, so that they could ram and sink vessels that were aflame, before they collided with other vessels and set them ablaze as well.

Recent fireboats

In recent decades fireboats are likely to have sealed wheelhouses, where crew can use remote control to direct their water cannons, even when the ambient air is dangerous. In recent decades fireboats are likely to have frontline medical facilities to treat victims. In recent decades fireboats are likely to be equipped with tools to contain spills of oil, toxic chemicals, or water contaminated by nuclear, biological or chemical weapons. In recent decades fireboats are likely to be equipped with high-tech sensors, like radar and infrared cameras. The infrared sensor can not only help firefighters locate the hottest, thus most dangerous parts of a fire, but can also be used to help find victims lost at sea, or victims of a man-overboard situation, at night, or when vision in visible light is reduced due to fog or smoke.

In recent decades, it has been possible to construct relatively powerful smaller fireboats using propulsion systems similar to high-end recreational craft, that do not require mariners.[1] While the smaller fireboats enabled by newer technology made owning an operating a fireboat more affordable for smaller municipalities, many ports had less requirement for fireboats, since docks and shoreside warehouses were built of less flamable material than the woods often used in the past.

Fireboats after the 9/11 attack

During the 9/11 attack in 2001, the collapse of the World Trade Center towers ruptured nearby fire mains, and New York Fire Department firefighters relied on the pumps of their fireboats to supply water pressure.[1] Following those attacks, the United States of America Federal Emergency Management Agency began giving American cities grants to pay for, or partially subsidize, the purchase of new fireboats, provided those fireboats were also equipped to help in the case of attacks from nuclear weapons, chemical weapons, germ warfare, or spills from toxic chemicals. Typically, FEMA-sponsored fireboats have sealed cabs to protect the crew from fallout, nerve gas, biowar, or chemical spills. They may also be equipped with infrared or other sensors that permit the crew to operate in heavy smoke, fog, or gas attack. The infrared sensors are also very useful in using heat signatures to find people who have jumped into the water, or fallen overboard.

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Joseph Ockerhausen, Hollis Stambaugh, Seth Kelly. Fireboats - Then and Now, US Fire Administration, 2003. Retrieved on 2023-11-29.