User:Milton Beychok/Sandbox: Difference between revisions

From Citizendium
Jump to navigation Jump to search
imported>Milton Beychok
No edit summary
imported>Milton Beychok
No edit summary
Line 1: Line 1:
{| class = "wikitable" align="center"
{| class = "wikitable" align="center"
|+ Classification of Coals by Rank<ref name=Perry/><ref name=Marks/><ref name=Kreith/><sup> (a)</sup>
|+ Classification of Coals by Rank<ref name=Perry/><ref name=Marks/><ref name=Kreith/><sup> (a)</sup>
!rowspan="2"|<br><br><br><br><br>Class or<br>Rank||rowspan=2|<br><br><br><br><br><br>Group||colspan="2"|<br>Fixed Carbon<sup> (b)</sup><br>(wt % dry mmf) ||colspan="2"|<br>Volatile Matter<sup> (b)</sup><br>(wt % dry mmf)||colspan="2"|Gross<br>Heating Value<sup> (c)</sup><br>([[U.S. customary units|Btu]]/[[U.S. customary units|lb]] moist mmf)
!rowspan="2"|<br><br><br><br><br>Class or<br>Rank||rowspan=2|<br><br><br><br><br><br>Group||colspan="2"|<br>Fixed Carbon<sup> (b)</sup><br>(wt % dry mmf) ||colspan="2"|<br>Volatile Matter<sup> (b)</sup><br>(wt % dry mmf)||colspan="2"|Gross<br>Heating Value<sup> (c)</sup><br>(M[[Joule|J]]/[[Kilogram|kg]] moist mmf)
|- align="center"
|- align="center"
!Equal or<br>greater<br>than ||<br><br>Less than||<br>Greater<br>than ||<br>Equal or<br>less than ||Equal or<br>greater<br>than ||<br><br>Less than
!Equal or<br>greater<br>than ||<br><br>Less than||<br>Greater<br>than ||<br>Equal or<br>less than ||Equal or<br>greater<br>than ||<br><br>Less than
Line 16: Line 16:
|colspan="8"|(a) This classification does not include a few coals (referred to as unbanded coals) having unusual physical and chemical<br>properties falling within the fixed carbon and heating value ranges of the high-volatile bituminous and subbituminous ranks.<br>
|colspan="8"|(a) This classification does not include a few coals (referred to as unbanded coals) having unusual physical and chemical<br>properties falling within the fixed carbon and heating value ranges of the high-volatile bituminous and subbituminous ranks.<br>
(b) Percentage by weight on a dry and mineral matter free basis (mmf).<br>
(b) Percentage by weight on a dry and mineral matter free basis (mmf).<br>
(c) [[Gross Heating Value]] on a moist and mineral matter free basis. Moist refers to the natural inherent water contained in<br>a coal but does not include visible water (if any) on the surface of the coal. Multiply Btu/lb by 0.002326 to convert to M[[Joule|J]]/[[Kilogram|kg]].<br>
(c) [[Gross Heating Value]] on a moist and mineral matter free basis. Moist refers to the natural inherent water contained in<br>a coal but does not include visible water (if any) on the surface of the coal. Multiply MJ/kg by 430.11 to convert to [[U.S. customary units|Btu]]/[[U.S. customary units|lb]].<br>  
(d) Coals containing 69 wt % or more fixed carbon on a dry mmf basis are ranked according to their fixed carbon content<br>regardless of their Gross Heating Value.<br>
(d) Coals containing 69 wt % or more fixed carbon on a dry mmf basis are ranked according to their fixed carbon content<br>regardless of their Gross Heating Value.<br>
(e) A high-volatile C bituminous coal that may be agglomerating or non-agglomerating.<ref name=Perry's><ref name=Glossary>{{cite book|authors=Klaus K.E. Neuendorf, James P. Mehl and Julia A. Jackson|title=Glossary of Geology|edition=5th Edition|publisher=American Geological Institute|year=2005|id=ISBN 0-922152-76-4}}</ref><br>
(e) A high-volatile C bituminous coal that may be agglomerating or non-agglomerating.<ref name=Perry's><ref name=Glossary>{{cite book|authors=Klaus K.E. Neuendorf, James P. Mehl and Julia A. Jackson|title=Glossary of Geology|edition=5th Edition|publisher=American Geological Institute|year=2005|id=ISBN 0-922152-76-4}}</ref><br>
(f) A high-volatile C bituminous coal that is an agglomerating coal, which means that it tends to become sticky and to ''cake''<br> when heated. The agglomerating character of a coal is determined by heating a sample to 950 °C under certain conditions.<br>If the residue is coherent and supports a weight of 500g without pulverizing, the coal is classified as being agglomerating.
(f) A high-volatile C bituminous coal that is an agglomerating coal, which means that it tends to become sticky and to ''cake''<br> when heated. The agglomerating character of a coal is determined by heating a sample to 950 °C under certain conditions.<br>If the residue is coherent and supports a weight of 500g without pulverizing, the coal is classified as being agglomerating.
|}
|}

Revision as of 13:04, 30 April 2009

Classification of Coals by Rank[1][2][3] (a)





Class or
Rank





Group
Fixed Carbon (b)
(wt % dry mmf)
Volatile Matter (b)
(wt % dry mmf)		 Gross
Heating Value (c)
(MJ/kg moist mmf)
Equal or
greater
than

Less than
Greater
than
Equal or
less than		 Equal or
greater
than

Less than
Anthracitic


 Metaanthracite (d)
Anthracite (d)
Semianthracite (d)		 98
92
86
98
92
2
8		 2
8
14		    
Bituminous





 Low-volatile bituminous (d)
Medium-volatile bituminous (d)
High-volatile A bituminous
High-volatile B bituminous
High-volatile C bituminous (e)
High-volatile C bituminous (f)		 78
69




 86
78
69



 14
22
31



 22
31

32.55
30.23
26.74
24.41




32.55
30.23
26.74

Subbituminous


 Subbituminous A
Subbituminous B
Subbituminous C		         24.41
22.09
19.30		 26.74
24.41
22.09
Lignite

 Lignite A
Lignite B		         14.65

 19.30
14.65
(a) This classification does not include a few coals (referred to as unbanded coals) having unusual physical and chemical
properties falling within the fixed carbon and heating value ranges of the high-volatile bituminous and subbituminous ranks.

(b) Percentage by weight on a dry and mineral matter free basis (mmf).
(c) Gross Heating Value on a moist and mineral matter free basis. Moist refers to the natural inherent water contained in
a coal but does not include visible water (if any) on the surface of the coal. Multiply MJ/kg by 430.11 to convert to Btu/lb.
(d) Coals containing 69 wt % or more fixed carbon on a dry mmf basis are ranked according to their fixed carbon content
regardless of their Gross Heating Value.
(e) A high-volatile C bituminous coal that may be agglomerating or non-agglomerating.Cite error: Closing </ref> missing for <ref> tag
(f) A high-volatile C bituminous coal that is an agglomerating coal, which means that it tends to become sticky and to cake
when heated. The agglomerating character of a coal is determined by heating a sample to 950 °C under certain conditions.
If the residue is coherent and supports a weight of 500g without pulverizing, the coal is classified as being agglomerating.

  1. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Perry
  2. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Marks
  3. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Kreith
Retrieved from "https://citizendium.org/wiki/index.php?title=User:Milton_Beychok/Sandbox&oldid=386001"