User:Milton Beychok/Sandbox: Difference between revisions

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Rainfall is usually "reported" as inches of rain. However, what is really being measured in a rain gauge is cubic inches of rain.
'''CALPUFF''' is an advanced, integrated [[Air pollution dispersion terminology|Gaussian puff]] modeling system for the simulation of [[atmospheric pollution dispersion]].<ref name=Cleanair>[http://www.cleanairinfo.com/regionalstatelocalmodelingworkshop/documents/CALPUFF.pdf CALPUFF Status and Update]</ref> 


Read page 263 of John William Moore (2007), <i>Meteorology Practical and Applied</i>, Nord Press, ISBN 1-4086-2788-4 which states:
The model has been adopted by the [[EPA|U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA)]] in its ''Guideline on Air Quality Models''<ref>[http://www.epa.gov/scram001/guidance/guide/appw_03.pdf Appendix W] of 40 [[Code of Federal Regulations|CFR]] Part 51</ref> as a [[Air pollution dispersion modeling/Catalogs/Compilation of air pollution dispersion models#preferred and recommended models|preferred model]] for assessing long range transport of pollutants and their impacts on Federal Class I areas and on a case-by-case basis for certain near-field applications involving complex meteorological conditions.


"When we speak of an inch of rain, we mean that sufficient has fallen to fill to overflowing a vessel which is 1 inch in length, 1 inch in breadth and 1 inch in width - that is, a volume of 1 cubic inch."
The integrated modeling system consists of three main components and a set of preprocessing and postprocessing programs. The main components of the modeling system are CALMET (a diagnostic 3-dimensional [[meteorological]] model), CALPUFF (an [[air dispersion modeling|air quality dispersion model]]), and CALPOST (a postprocessing package). Each of these programs has a [[graphical user interface]] (GUI). In addition to these components, there are numerous other processors that may be used to prepare geophysical (land use and terrain) data in many standard formats, meteorological data (surface, upper air, precipitation, and buoy data), and interfaces to other models such as the Penn State/[[National Center for Atmospheric Research|NCAR]] Mesoscale Model (MM5), the [[National Centers for Environmental Prediction]] (NCEP) Eta model and the RAMS meteorological model.


Also read the <b>Procedures</b> section on page 1 of the pdf at http://www.earthsciweek.org/calendar/0809files/July2009.pdf which states:
The CALPUFF model is designed to simulate the dispersion of [[Air pollution dispersion terminology|buoyant, puff or continuous]] [[Air pollution dispersion terminology|point and area pollution sources]] as well as the dispersion of buoyant, continuous [[Air pollution dispersion terminology|line]] sources. The model also includes [[algorithms]] for handling the effect of [[Air pollution dispersion terminology|downwash]] by nearby buildings in the path of the pollution plumes.<ref name=CARB>[http://www.ofcm.gov/atd_dir/pdf/calpuff.pdf General and Specific Characteristics of the model]</ref>


"Rain gauges measure the amount of rain in cubic inches"
==History==


If I had the time to spare, I could refer you to many similar references
The CALPUFF model was originally developed by the Sigma Research Corporation (SRC) in the late 1980s under contract with the [[California Air Resources Board]] (CARB)<ref name=CARB/> and it was first issued in about 1990.<ref>[http://www.arb.ca.gov/research/apr/past/a025-2a.pdf Model Formulation and Users Guide for the CALPUFF model, May 1990]</ref>


Keep in mind that rain gauges with cross-sections smaller or larger than 1 square inch are marked 1 at height equal to 1 cubic inch, 2 at a height equal to 2 cubic inchs, 3 at a hieght equal to 3 inches, etc.
The Sigma Research Corporation subsequently became part of Earth Tech, Inc. After the US EPA designated CALPUFF as a preferred model in their ''Guideline on Air Quality Models'', Earth Tech served as the designated distributor of the model.
 
In April 2006, ownership of the model switched from Earth Tech to the TRC Environmental Corporation, who are currently (August 2006) responsible for maintaining and distributing the model. <ref name=Cleanair/>
 
==References==
{{reflist}}
 
==Further reading==
 
For those who are unfamiliar with air pollution dispersion modelling and would like to learn more about the subject, it is suggested that either one of the following books be read:
 
*{{cite book | author=Turner, D.B. | title=Workbook of atmospheric dispersion estimates: an introduction to dispersion modeling| edition=2nd Edition| publisher=CRC Press | year=1994 | id=ISBN 1-56670-023-X }} [http://www.crcpress.com/shopping_cart/products/product_detail.asp?sku=L1023&parent_id=&pc= www.crcpress.com]
 
*{{cite book | author=Beychok, M.R. | title=[[Fundamentals Of Stack Gas Dispersion]]| edition=4th Edition| publisher=self-published | year=2005 | id=ISBN 0-9644588-0-2}} [http://www.air-dispersion.com www.air-dispersion.com]
 
==External links==
*[http://www.src.com/calpuff/calpuff1.htm ASG at TRC: Official CALPUFF Website]
*[http://www.epa.gov/scram001/dispersion_prefrec.htm The US EPA's Preferred and Recommended Models]
*{{dmoz|Science/Environment/Air_Quality/Air_Dispersion_Modeling/|Air Dispersion Modeling}}
 
==See also==
*[[Atmospheric dispersion modeling]]
*[[Atmospheric Studies Group]]
*[[Compilation of atmospheric dispersion models]]
 
distributed by the Atmospheric Studies Group at TRC Solutions.

Revision as of 22:26, 10 October 2008

CALPUFF is an advanced, integrated Gaussian puff modeling system for the simulation of atmospheric pollution dispersion.[1]

The model has been adopted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) in its Guideline on Air Quality Models[2] as a preferred model for assessing long range transport of pollutants and their impacts on Federal Class I areas and on a case-by-case basis for certain near-field applications involving complex meteorological conditions.

The integrated modeling system consists of three main components and a set of preprocessing and postprocessing programs. The main components of the modeling system are CALMET (a diagnostic 3-dimensional meteorological model), CALPUFF (an air quality dispersion model), and CALPOST (a postprocessing package). Each of these programs has a graphical user interface (GUI). In addition to these components, there are numerous other processors that may be used to prepare geophysical (land use and terrain) data in many standard formats, meteorological data (surface, upper air, precipitation, and buoy data), and interfaces to other models such as the Penn State/NCAR Mesoscale Model (MM5), the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) Eta model and the RAMS meteorological model.

The CALPUFF model is designed to simulate the dispersion of buoyant, puff or continuous point and area pollution sources as well as the dispersion of buoyant, continuous line sources. The model also includes algorithms for handling the effect of downwash by nearby buildings in the path of the pollution plumes.[3]

History

The CALPUFF model was originally developed by the Sigma Research Corporation (SRC) in the late 1980s under contract with the California Air Resources Board (CARB)[3] and it was first issued in about 1990.[4]

The Sigma Research Corporation subsequently became part of Earth Tech, Inc. After the US EPA designated CALPUFF as a preferred model in their Guideline on Air Quality Models, Earth Tech served as the designated distributor of the model.

In April 2006, ownership of the model switched from Earth Tech to the TRC Environmental Corporation, who are currently (August 2006) responsible for maintaining and distributing the model. [1]

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 CALPUFF Status and Update
  2. ↑ Appendix W of 40 CFR Part 51
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 General and Specific Characteristics of the model
  4. ↑ Model Formulation and Users Guide for the CALPUFF model, May 1990

Further reading

For those who are unfamiliar with air pollution dispersion modelling and would like to learn more about the subject, it is suggested that either one of the following books be read:

External links

See also

distributed by the Atmospheric Studies Group at TRC Solutions.

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