User:Milton Beychok/Sandbox: Difference between revisions

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After the [[American colonies]] revolted and and became independent of the [[British Empire]] in 1776, the United States subsequently adopted the Queen Anne gallon of 231 cubic inches (≈ 3.78541 L) for measuring liquids which is now known as the '''''U.S. liquid gallon'''''. The United States also adopted the Winchester gallon of 268.80252 cubic inches (≈ 4.40488 L) for measuring dry materials and it is now known as the '''''U.S. dry gallon'''''.
After the [[American colonies]] revolted and and became independent of the [[British Empire]] in 1776, the United States subsequently adopted the Queen Anne gallon of 231 cubic inches (≈ 3.78541 L) for measuring liquids which is now known as the '''''U.S. liquid gallon'''''. The United States also adopted the Winchester gallon of 268.80252 cubic inches (≈ 4.40488 L) for measuring dry materials and it is now known as the '''''U.S. dry gallon'''''.


England made a different decision and, in 1824, the British defined the '''''Imperial gallon'''''as the volume of 10 [[pound (mass)|pound]]s of water at 62 °[[Fahrenheit (unit)|F]] and essentially atmospheric pressure (760 [[mmHg]]) and chose to use it for measuring both liquids and dry materials. That gave the Imperial gallon a volume of 277.42 cubic inches (4.54610 L) which is approximately 20 percent larger than the U.S. liquid gallon.
England made a different decision and, in 1824, the British defined the '''''Imperial gallon''''' as the volume of 10 [[pound (mass)|pound]]s of water at 62 °[[Fahrenheit (unit)|F]] and essentially atmospheric pressure (760 [[mmHg]]), and chose to use it for measuring both liquids and dry materials. That gave the Imperial gallon a volume of 277.42 cubic inches (4.54610 L) which is approximately 20 percent larger than the U.S. liquid gallon.




==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}

Revision as of 00:07, 12 June 2010

At one time, the volume of a gallon depended on what was being measured, and where it was being measured. But during the 18th century, three definitions were in common use throughout the British Empire:

  • The ale gallon, used for measuring beer was defined in England, during the reign (1558 – 1603) of Queen Elizabeth I, as having 282 cubic inches (≈ 4.62115 L).[1]
  • The Winchester gallon, or corn gallon, used for measuring dry materials was defined by England's Parliament in 1696 as one-eighth of a Winchester bushel having a volume of a cylinder 18.5 inches in diameter and 8 inches deep. Thus, the Winchester gallon was approximately 268.80252 cubic inches (≈ 4.40488 L).[2][3]
  • The wine gallon, or Queen Anne's gallon, used for measuring wine was defined in England, in 1706 during the reign of Queen Anne, as having a volume of 231 cubic inches (≈ 3.78541 L).[2][3]

After the American colonies revolted and and became independent of the British Empire in 1776, the United States subsequently adopted the Queen Anne gallon of 231 cubic inches (≈ 3.78541 L) for measuring liquids which is now known as the U.S. liquid gallon. The United States also adopted the Winchester gallon of 268.80252 cubic inches (≈ 4.40488 L) for measuring dry materials and it is now known as the U.S. dry gallon.

England made a different decision and, in 1824, the British defined the Imperial gallon as the volume of 10 pounds of water at 62 °F and essentially atmospheric pressure (760 mmHg), and chose to use it for measuring both liquids and dry materials. That gave the Imperial gallon a volume of 277.42 cubic inches (4.54610 L) which is approximately 20 percent larger than the U.S. liquid gallon.


References

  1. Ale Gallon 2001, Professor Russ Rowlett, University of North Carolina
  2. 2.0 2.1 Ian Whitelaw (2007). A Measure of All Things: The Story of Man and Measurement, 1st Edition. St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-37026-1. 
  3. 3.0 3.1 English Customary Weights and Measures 2001, Professor Russ Rowlett, University of North Carolina