Angiotensin receptor: Difference between revisions
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The '''AT<sub>1</sub>''' receptor is the best elucidated [[angiotensin]] receptor. It is coupled to [[phospholipase|phospholipase C]] and angiotensin II increases the cytosolic Ca<sup>2+</sup> level. It also inhibits [[adenylate cyclase]] and activate various tyrosine kinases. Effects mediated by the AT<sub>1</sub> receptor include vasoconstriction, aldosterone synthesis and secretion, increased vasopressin secretion, cardiac [[hypertrophy]], augmentation of peripheral noradrenergic activity, vascular [[smooth muscle]] cells proliferation, decreased renal blood flow, renal renin inhibition, renal tubular [[sodium]] reuptake, modulation of central [[sympathetic nervous system]] activity, cardiac contractility, central [[osmoregulation|osmocontrol]] and [[extracellular matrix]] formation. | The '''AT<sub>1</sub>''' receptor is the best elucidated [[angiotensin]] receptor. It is coupled to [[phospholipase|phospholipase C]] and angiotensin II increases the cytosolic Ca<sup>2+</sup> level. It also inhibits [[adenylate cyclase]] and activate various tyrosine kinases. Effects mediated by the AT<sub>1</sub> receptor include vasoconstriction, [[aldosterone]] synthesis and secretion, increased [[vasopressin]] secretion, cardiac [[hypertrophy]], augmentation of peripheral noradrenergic activity, vascular [[smooth muscle]] cells proliferation, decreased renal blood flow, renal renin inhibition, renal tubular [[sodium]] reuptake, modulation of central [[sympathetic nervous system]] activity, cardiac contractility, central [[osmoregulation|osmocontrol]] and [[extracellular matrix]] formation. | ||
'''AT<sub>2</sub>''' receptors are more plentiful in the foetus and neonate. Effects mediated by the AT<sub>2</sub> receptor include inhibition of [[cell growth]], fetal tissue development, modulation of extracellular matrix, [[neuron]]al regeneration, [[apoptosis]], [[cellular differentiation]] and maybe vasodilation. | '''AT<sub>2</sub>''' receptors are more plentiful in the foetus and neonate. Effects mediated by the AT<sub>2</sub> receptor include inhibition of [[cell growth]], fetal tissue development, modulation of extracellular matrix, [[neuron]]al regeneration, [[apoptosis]], [[cellular differentiation]] and maybe vasodilation. | ||
Revision as of 00:54, 15 June 2008
Angiotensin receptors are "cell surface proteins that bind angiotensins and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behavior of cells.[1]
The angiotensin receptors are G protein-coupled cell surface receptors responsible for the signal transduction of the main effector hormone. The AT1 and AT2 receptors have a sequence identity of ~30%, but have a similar affinity for angiotensin II, their main ligand.
Classification
angiotensin II receptor, type 1
| |
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol(s) | AGTR1 AGTR1B |
| Entrez | 185 |
| OMIM | 106165 |
| RefSeq | NM_000685 |
| UniProt | P30556 |
| Other data | |
| Locus | Chr. 3 q21-q25 |
angiotensin II receptor, type 2
| |
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol(s) | AGTR2 |
| Entrez | 186 |
| OMIM | 300034 |
| RefSeq | NM_000686 |
| UniProt | P50052 |
| Other data | |
| Locus | Chr. X q22-q23 |
The AT1 receptor is the best elucidated angiotensin receptor. It is coupled to phospholipase C and angiotensin II increases the cytosolic Ca2+ level. It also inhibits adenylate cyclase and activate various tyrosine kinases. Effects mediated by the AT1 receptor include vasoconstriction, aldosterone synthesis and secretion, increased vasopressin secretion, cardiac hypertrophy, augmentation of peripheral noradrenergic activity, vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation, decreased renal blood flow, renal renin inhibition, renal tubular sodium reuptake, modulation of central sympathetic nervous system activity, cardiac contractility, central osmocontrol and extracellular matrix formation.
AT2 receptors are more plentiful in the foetus and neonate. Effects mediated by the AT2 receptor include inhibition of cell growth, fetal tissue development, modulation of extracellular matrix, neuronal regeneration, apoptosis, cellular differentiation and maybe vasodilation.
Other poorly characterized subtypes include AT3 receptor and AT4 receptor. The AT4 receptor is activated by angiotensin IV, and may play a role in regulating the CNS extracellular matrix.
References
- ↑ Anonymous (2024), Angiotensin receptor (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.