Kilogram-force: Difference between revisions
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A '''kilogram-force''' ('''kgf''') is a [[Measurement|measurement]] unit of [[force]] which will [[acceleration|accelerate]] 1 [[kilogram]] of [[mass]] to 9.80665 [[metre|m]]/[[second|s]]<sup>2</sup>, the standard average [[acceleration due to gravity]] on [[Earth]]'s surface (referred to as '''''g<sub>n</sub>''''').<ref name=NIST-gravity/> Since a [[Newton (unit)|newton]] is defined<ref name=NASA/><ref name=NIST-newton/> as the force which will accelerate 1 kilogram of mass to 1 m/s<sup>2</sup>, one kilogram-force is by definition equal to 9.80665 [[newton (unit)|newtons]]. The kilogram-force is often referred to as the '''''kilopond (kp)'''''. | A '''kilogram-force''' ('''kgf''') is a [[Measurement|measurement]] unit of [[force]] which will [[acceleration|accelerate]] 1 [[kilogram]] of [[mass]] to 9.80665 [[metre|m]]/[[second|s]]<sup>2</sup>, the standard average [[acceleration due to gravity]] on [[Earth]]'s surface (referred to as '''''g<sub>n</sub>''''').<ref name=NIST-gravity/> Since a [[Newton (unit)|newton]] is defined<ref name=NASA/><ref name=NIST-newton/> as the force which will accelerate 1 kilogram of mass to 1 m/s<sup>2</sup>, one kilogram-force is by definition equal to 9.80665 [[newton (unit)|newtons]]. The kilogram-force is often referred to as the '''''kilopond (kp)'''''.<ref name=kp group=note/> | ||
The kilogram-force was not very well defined until the 3rd [[General Conference on Weights and Measures]] (Conférence Générale des Poids et Mesures, CGPM) defined '''''g<sub>n</sub>''''', the standard gravity, to be 9.80665 m/s<sup>2</sup> in 1901.<ref name=GCPM3/> Although it was once widely used, it has never been part of the [[International System of Units]] (SI) introduced in 1960 by the 11th GCPM.<ref name=GCPM11/> | The kilogram-force was not very well defined until the 3rd [[General Conference on Weights and Measures]] (Conférence Générale des Poids et Mesures, CGPM) defined '''''g<sub>n</sub>''''', the standard gravity, to be 9.80665 m/s<sup>2</sup> in 1901.<ref name=GCPM3/> Although it was once widely used, it has never been part of the [[International System of Units]] (SI) introduced in 1960 by the 11th GCPM.<ref name=GCPM11/> | ||
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*1 kgf ≡ 9.80665 newton (symbol: '''N''') | *1 kgf ≡ 9.80665 newton (symbol: '''N''') | ||
*1 kgf ≡ 980,665 [[dyne]] (symbol: '''dyn''') | *1 kgf ≡ 980,665 [[dyne]] (symbol: '''dyn''') | ||
*1 kgf ≡ 1 kilopond (symbol: '''kp''') | *1 kgf ≡ 1 kilopond (symbol: '''kp''')<ref name=kp group=note/> | ||
*1 kgf ≡ 9.80665×10<sup>-3</sup> [[sthène]] (symbol: '''sn''') | *1 kgf ≡ 9.80665×10<sup>-3</sup> [[sthène]] (symbol: '''sn''') | ||
*1 kgf ≈ 2.20462 [[pound-force]] (symbol: '''lbf''') | *1 kgf ≈ 2.20462 [[pound-force]] (symbol: '''lbf''') | ||
*1 kgf ≈ 2.20462×10<sup>-3</sup> [[kip]] (symbol: '''kip''') | *1 kgf ≈ 2.20462×10<sup>-3</sup> [[kip]] (symbol: '''kip''')<ref name=kip group=note/> | ||
*1 kgf ≈ 70.93164 [[poundal]] (symbol: '''pdl''') | *1 kgf ≈ 70.93164 [[poundal]] (symbol: '''pdl''') | ||
==Notes== | |||
{{reflist|group=note|refs= | |||
<ref name=kp group=note> Another name for a kilogram-force. Not to be confused with "kilopounds", meaning 1,000 pounds of mass.</ref> | |||
<ref name=kip group=note>A non-SI unit of force equal to 1,000 pound-force.</ref> | |||
}} | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 22:04, 5 July 2011
A kilogram-force (kgf) is a measurement unit of force which will accelerate 1 kilogram of mass to 9.80665 m/s2, the standard average acceleration due to gravity on Earth's surface (referred to as gn).[1] Since a newton is defined[2][3] as the force which will accelerate 1 kilogram of mass to 1 m/s2, one kilogram-force is by definition equal to 9.80665 newtons. The kilogram-force is often referred to as the kilopond (kp).[note 1]
The kilogram-force was not very well defined until the 3rd General Conference on Weights and Measures (Conférence Générale des Poids et Mesures, CGPM) defined gn, the standard gravity, to be 9.80665 m/s2 in 1901.[4] Although it was once widely used, it has never been part of the International System of Units (SI) introduced in 1960 by the 11th GCPM.[5]
The kilogram-force is still used to some extent in a few countries, but it is generally considered to be obsolete in most countries.
Equivalent units of force
- 1 kgf ≡ 9.80665 newton (symbol: N)
- 1 kgf ≡ 980,665 dyne (symbol: dyn)
- 1 kgf ≡ 1 kilopond (symbol: kp)[note 1]
- 1 kgf ≡ 9.80665×10-3 sthène (symbol: sn)
- 1 kgf ≈ 2.20462 pound-force (symbol: lbf)
- 1 kgf ≈ 2.20462×10-3 kip (symbol: kip)[note 2]
- 1 kgf ≈ 70.93164 poundal (symbol: pdl)
Notes
References
- ↑ The International System of Units (SI), NIST Special Publication 330, 2008 Edition (pdf page 57 of 77 pdf pages)
- ↑ Glossary From the website of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center.
- ↑ The International System of Units (SI), NIST Special Publication 330, 2008 Edition (pdf page 30 of 77 pdf pages)
- ↑ Resolution of the 3rd meeting of the CGPM (1901)
- ↑ Resolution 12 of the 11th meeting of the CGPM (1960)