User talk:Milton Beychok

Milton Beychok

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 Where Milt lives it is approximately: 21:36

Compressibility factor

Milton, I started to read your sandbox article. It looks very good. I tried to enlarge fig 1, but it didn't work. This nice figure deserves at least 50% more space, now it is hard to read for an old man like myself.--Paul Wormer 11:35, 4 April 2008 (CDT)

Paul, I am 85 years old. If I could draw Fig. 1 (as I did), then a youngster like you should certainly be able to read it.(:>) - Milton Beychok 18:12, 4 April 2008 (CDT)

When I read along I place some odd comments here (--Paul Wormer 11:54, 4 April 2008 (CDT)).

1. I wouldn't call the Van der Waals law of corresponding states a "theorem", i.e., something that can be proved. I see it more as a fitting procedure—suggested by the physics of the problem—that usually (but not always) gives surprisingly good results.

I revised it to the principle of corresponding states as per your Van der Waals equation article. - Milton Beychok 18:12, 4 April 2008 (CDT)

1. I wouldn't say molecular properties depend on intermolecular forces, rather the properties of the gas depend on these forces. The way I see it, Z is a bulk property of which the value is indirectly determined by the properties of the molecules, namely through the intermolecular forces as intermediary. Thus, molecular properties → intermolecular forces → thermodynamic properties (such as Z). The way backwards (from thermodynamic to molecular properties) is orders of magnitude more difficult.

I revised that sentence per your suggestion. - Milton Beychok 18:12, 4 April 2008 (CDT)

1. You forgot to define P_c and T_c.

I did indeed forget. They are now defined.

1. Could you give an indication how the generalized compressibility factor is determined from a number (10) of gases? What kind of averaging is involved and how far do the curves for the individual molecular gases deviate from the average? I'm especially interested in steam, as water is strongly polar and the other 9 molecules are non-polar.

Gouq-Jen Sec's original graph published in 1946 had hundreds of experimental data points plotted on it. I was not capable of presenting it in a smaller size and also including the actual data points, so I elected to draw it in a smaller size without showing the data points. If you are interested in seeing the full size graph including the data points, click on Reference 8 and read Professor Kadem's online lecture. It is also available in many of the books used for the other references. I do not have a copy of his 1946 publication nor do I have precise knowledge of how Gouq-Jen Sen fitted the data points to his graph. However, I suspect that he simply drew his isotherms as the best curves that fitted the data points. That is the sort of thing we engineers did back in the slide rule era before we had computers.

Thanks very much for your review comments. I have moved the material in my sandbox to the Compressibility factor (gases) article. If you have more comments, please let me know via that article's Talk page. - Milton Beychok 18:12, 4 April 2008 (CDT)

Milton, I'm not finished yet, I had to go some place with my wife (we are sort of on holiday). Tomorrow I'll continue reading. All kidding aside (I'm 65), your first figure deserves more space, is it difficult to enlarge it? --Paul Wormer 22:03, 4 April 2008 (CDT)

There is no way that I could enlarge Fig. 1 other than to redraw it. That would take me about 4-5 hours using the only drawing program that I have (Microsoft's Paint program that came with Windows). Personally, I really don't think it needs to be larger ... but if you feel strongly that it should be larger, then I will do it some time in the next week or so. - Milton Beychok 00:37, 5 April 2008 (CDT)

I enlarged your figure 1 by 120%, but that didn't look good. That is the disadvantage of pixel format. So let the picture be as is.

Probably I will continue reading your article later today. Do you want me to approve it? --Paul Wormer 11:24, 5 April 2008 (CDT)

I think it is a bit early to nominate it for approval. I would rather wait a week or more to give other editors a chance to offer comments. Thanks for your offer.

I do think that further dialogue between us on this article should be on the talk page of Compressibility factor (gases) so others can see it. - Milton Beychok 11:32, 5 April 2008 (CDT)

Minor edits

Did you by any chance turn on your 'mark all edits as minor' flag? I ask because this edit to Talk:Mole (unit) was flagged as minor, which might have caused some people who'd be interested in it to miss it. J. Noel Chiappa 09:35, 7 April 2008 (CDT)

FCC image

Milton, I can't get to that for a day or so. Is there anything specific that would like changed? That image seems pretty good to me as it now stands. David E. Volk 10:34, 23 April 2008 (CDT)

David, since it seemed pretty good to you as it was and since my primary goal was to somehow make it smaller without losing legibility, I revised the drawing by enlarging the text. Now I can display it at a reduced width of 300px and it is still quite legible. So I think that I will leave it at that. Thanks anyway, Milton Beychok 11:36, 23 April 2008 (CDT)

Compressibility factor (gases)

You did it again! COngratualtions - and thanks for the reminder once again ;-) Keep them coming, --D. Matt Innis 19:11, 21 April 2008 (CDT)

Physical Properties Templates

Hi Milton,

I posted this on Talk:Cadmium, but wanted to get some feedback from Chem Editors so figured I'd just ask...

I had this kooky idea of trying to store materials physical properties data in templates so we can call it up from multiple locations and keep it current. That way we can do things like this:

Selected Electronegativities:<br />
{{Selected Electronegativities|Hydrogen|Beryllium|Iron|Helium|Uranium|Neptunium|Lead}}

Selected Electronegativities:
Template:Selected Electronegativities

and...

Selected Melting Points:<br />
{{Selected melting points|Hydrogen|Beryllium|Iron|Helium|Uranium|Neptunium|Lead|Cobalt(II) oxide}}

Selected Melting Points:
Template:Selected melting points

and also....

{{Resizable Periodic Table of Elements
|cellWidth=50px
|cellHeight=67px
|colorscheme=Metal
}}

Hydrogen/ † H † † † †

Helium/ † He † † † †

Lithium/ † Li † † † †

Beryllium/ † Be † † † †

Boron/ † B † † † †

Carbon/ † C † † † †

Nitrogen/ † N † † † †

Oxygen/ † O † † † †

Fluorine/ † F † † † †

Neon/ † Ne † † † †

Sodium/ † Na † † † †

Magnesium/ † Mg † † † †

Aluminium/ † Al † † † †

Silicon/ † Si † † † †

Phosphorus/ † P † † † †

Sulphur/ † S † † † †

Chlorine/ † Cl † † † †

Argon/ † Ar † † † †

Potassium/ † K † † † †

Calcium/ † Ca † † † †

Scandium/ † Sc † † † †

Titanium/ † Ti † † † †

Vanadium/ † V † † † †

Chromium/ † Cr † † † †

Manganese/ † Mn † † † †

Iron/ † Fe † † † †

Cobalt/ † Co † † † †

Nickel/ † Ni † † † †

Copper/ † Cu † † † †

Zinc/ † Zn † † † †

Gallium/ † Ga † † † †

Germanium/ † Ge † † † †

Arsenic/ † As † † † †

Selenium/ † Se † † † †

Bromine/ † Br † † † †

Krypton/ † Kr † † † †

Rubidium/ † Rb † † † †

Strontium/ † Sr † † † †

Yttrium/ † Y † † † †

Zirconium/ † Zr † † † †

Niobium/ † Nb † † † †

Molybdenum/ † Mo † † † †

Technetium/ † Tc † † † †

Ruthenium/ † Ru † † † †

Rhodium/ † Rh † † † †

Palladium/ † Pd † † † †

Silver/ † Ag † † † †

Cadmium/ † Cd † † † †

Indium/ † In † † † †

Tin/ † Sn † † † †

Antimony/ † Sb † † † †

Tellurium/ † Te † † † †

Iodine/ † I † † † †

Xenon/ † Xe † † † †

Caesium/ † Cs † † † †

Barium/ † Ba † † † †

Hafnium/ † Hf † † † †

Tantalum/ † Ta † † † †

Tungsten/ † W † † † †

Rhenium/ † Re † † † †

Osmium/ † Os † † † †

Iridium/ † Ir † † † †

Platinum/ † Pt † † † †

Gold/ † Au † † † †

Mercury (element)/ † Hg † † † †

Thallium/ † Tl † † † †

Lead/ † Pb † † † †

Bismuth/ † Bi † † † †

Polonium/ † Po † † † †

Astatine/ † At † † † †

Radon/ † Rn † † † †

Francium/ † Fr † † † †

Radium/ † Ra † † † †

Rutherfordium/ † Rf † † † †

Dubnium/ † Db † † † †

Seaborgium/ † Sg † † † †

Bohrium/ † Bh † † † †

Hassium/ † Hs † † † †

Meitnerium/ † Mt † † † †

Darmstadtium/ † Ds † † † †

Roentgenium/ † Rg † † † †

Copernicium/ † Cn † † † †

Lanthanum/ † La † † † †

Cerium/ † Ce † † † †

Praseodymium/ † Pr † † † †

Neodymium/ † Nd † † † †

Promethium/ † Pm † † † †

Samarium/ † Sm † † † †

Europium/ † Eu † † † †

Gadolinium/ † Gd † † † †

Terbium/ † Tb † † † †

Dysprosium/ † Dy † † † †

Holmium/ † Ho † † † †

Erbium/ † Er † † † †

Thulium/ † Tm † † † †

Ytterbium/ † Yb † † † †

Lutetium/ † Lu † † † †

Actinium/ † Ac † † † †

Thorium/ † Th † † † †

Protactinium/ † Pa † † † †

Uranium/ † U † † † †

Neptunium/ † Np † † † †

Plutonium/ † Pu † † † †

Americium/ † Am † † † †

Curium/ † Cm † † † †

Berkelium/ † Bk † † † †

Californium/ † Cf † † † †

Einsteinium/ † Es † † † †

Fermium/ † Fm † † † †

Mendelevium/ † Md † † † †

Nobelium/ † No † † † †

Lawrencium/ † Lr † † † †

...pretty easily.

Also, I've started the {{Physical properties}} template to display the info in the articles (please see Lead or Cadmium/MSDS for examples). I have (I believe) left open the option of using the system for any material, not just the chemical elements. Any objections? Reasons it won't work? Things I should change? Feedback is welcome....--David Yamakuchi 10:43, 25 April 2008 (CDT)

Moving a cluster

Hi, there are some rudimentary instructions at: CZ:Using the Subpages template#Moving an article with subpages. (Yes, I know it's not exactly an intuitive place to find that! I'm about to make it a separate page, improve it, etc.) If you could read that, and provide me with some feedback on how it can/should be improved, that would be great. I will start a thread on the forums about those instructions, you can chime in there. (You know about Recent Posts, right?) J. Noel Chiappa 20:51, 26 April 2008 (CDT)

Move the article's main page and its talk page together, as the last step (there's a "Move associated talk page" box which you should make sure is checked; that will move both). J. Noel Chiappa 09:45, 27 April 2008 (CDT)

Well, the directions must not have been perfect, because it seemed like you missed one step; moving the Metadata from Template:<old-name>/Metadata to Template:<new-name>/Metadata. I have fixed that for you.

I will update the documentation (again - I already worked on it some, in an attempt to make it clearer about Talk: pages in general, and in particular that the main page and the main talk: page go in the same operation, and last) and try and make this part clearer too. J. Noel Chiappa 13:43, 27 April 2008 (CDT)

Noel, you are right. I did not use the move tab for the Metadata. Instead I changed the article names within the Metadate page. That was my mistake ... but perhaps your documentation should warn against doing that. - Milton Beychok 13:51, 27 April 2008 (CDT)

No, you needed to do that too! So you were OK, you just left out a step. I think when I rework the document, I'll put it in the form of a numbered list, and make editing and moving the Metadata separate steps. (And I'll take out the bit about 'you can edit it before or after moving it' - giving people that choice is probably more likely to confuse them, than be helpful.)

Thanks for being a guinea-pig: this is how I find out how to improve the instructions! J. Noel Chiappa 17:37, 27 April 2008 (CDT)

Mole again

Milton per your request I looked at mole (unit) again. I made a few changes that I consider minor, but the article has become for some reason a stone of contention, so maybe I opened a can of worms. I reinserted the pedagogical definition of the mole, that I still remember from 1957 (I know I'm a youngster) and that Anthony removed for the reason that he didn't like the verb "to weigh". However, this verb is used in the article at several places, so why not in the informal definition? As I read the article now, it is an example of pedagogical clarity, but we'll hold our breadth.--Paul Wormer 09:56, 28 April 2008 (CDT)

The formal (SI) definition of the mole includes implicitly a definition of Avogadro's number N_A (number of carbon atoms in 12 gram). I believe that one must explain that one mole of any compound contains N_A molecules and therefore weighs (has mass) N_A times the weight of one molecule of this compound. If one apple weighs 100 gram then 12 apples weigh 12×100 = 1200 gram . That is all that I was trying to do. I don't see the problem that you guys have with this and I don't see at all that it scares away students from chemistry. However, if it does, it is good that it happens at this early stage (in Holland this stuff is taught to 15 year-olds). What is so difficult about saying (and explaining) that 4 gram H₂ plus 32 gram O₂ yields 36 gram water? I really don't see it.--Paul Wormer 12:07, 28 April 2008 (CDT)

I agree that there is nothing wrong with saying that 4 grams H₂ plus 32 grams O₂ yields 36 grams water and it could easily be added to my rewrite of the Examples section. But it is wording and usage like this that leads to confusion:

• "Recalling that 1 u = 1/NA gram" ... in reality, not everyone does recall that. Frankly, I did not.
• Not everyone knows that M(B) denotes the atomic weight of the pure substance B expressed in u. I did not know that until you pointed it out to me.
• Not everyone knows that that u denotes unified atomic mass units.
• Not everyone knows that 1 u = 1/NA gram by definition.

The above items are undoubtedly very elementary to an eminent physicist such as yourself, but they are not elementary to others ... they need to be explained and that is what I tried to do in my rewrite of the Examples section.

There is nothing wrong with the discussion of 2 A + 6 B → 2 AB3, but it is my opinion that it belongs in an article on chemical stoichiometry rather than in the article defining the mole.

If after this explanation, you are still not convinced that the Examples section simply needs to be more explanatory, then I will stop badgering you and I will unconditionally surrender. Regards, Milton Beychok 13:07, 28 April 2008 (CDT)

• So your major problem is with the unified atomic mass unit? Instead of saying "Recalling" we can say the following: By definition N_A carbon atoms weigh 12 gram, so that (i) 1 carbon atom has mass 12/N_A gram. [If 17 identical apples weigh 2300 gram then 1 apple has the mass 2300/17 gram]. Let us then point out that 1 u used to be the mass of a single hydrogen atom, later it was 1/16 of an oxygen atom, but that now (ii) 1 u is 1/12 of the mass of 1 carbon atom. From (i) and (ii) follows that 1 u = 1/12 × (12/N_A) = 1/N_A gram (approximately 1.661 10⁻²⁴ gram).
• I cannot help the notation M(B), but it is standard and people better get used to it. It is explained and not difficult to understand. I do not object against M_B if that is more pedagogical.
• The name of u is explained in another article plus wikilink (physicists and chemists finally unified their definition in 1961). I know that lots of people still write amu, but that is obsolete.
• Your first objection is the same as your last.
• I put this model reaction there instead of a titration application, as was suggested on the forum. The people on the forum strongly believed that there should be a simple example of a calculation that uses moles. (As I said before, I'm rusty on titration and as far a I remember one shoots through an equilibrium, which to me seems more complicated). Off-hand I couldn't think of a real life illustrative example, which is why I made up this little model reaction. If you can think of an easier or more illustrative calculation that uses moles then please replace this example.
• All this stuff is not a matter of eminence in physics, but plain and simple high-school chemistry, in my country taught to 15-year olds.

--Paul Wormer 14:49, 28 April 2008 (CDT)

Paul, I surrender. - Milton Beychok 15:02, 28 April 2008 (CDT)

Milton, we are not at war, there is no need to surrender. I really don't grasp your objections. What exactly is bothering you about the article? The fact that NA is introduced? Or the model reaction with compounds A and B? The latter could be replaced by something more physical. Or do you disagree with the forum discussion that there should be an example of a chemical computation with moles? --Paul Wormer 08:36, 29 April 2008 (CDT)