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Distillation is a method of separating chemical substances based on differences in their volatilities in a boiling liquid mixture.  
'''Continuous distillation''' is an ongoing process in which a liquid mixture of two or more miscible components is continuously fed into the process and continuously separated into two or more products by preferentially boiling the more volatile components out of the mixture. Distllation is one of the [[unit operations]] of [[chemical engineering]].<ref name=Kister>{{cite book|author=Kister, Henry Z.|title=[[Distillation Design]]|edition=1st Edition |publisher=McGraw-Hill|year=1992|id=ISBN 0-07-034909-6}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=King, C.J.|2nd Edition|title=Separation Processes|publisher=McGraw Hill|year=1980|id=0-07-034612-7}}</ref><ref name=Perry>{{cite book|author=Perry, Robert H. and Green, Don W.|title=[[Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook]]|edition=8th Edition| publisher=McGraw-Hill|year=2007|id=ISBN 0-07-142294-3}}</ref><ref>{{cite book| author=McCabe, W., Smith, J. and Harriott, P.|edition=7th Edition|title=[[Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering]]|publisher=McGraw Hill|location=|year=2004|id=ISBN 0-07-284823-5}}</ref> If the feed mixture consists of only two components, the process is referred to as ''binary distillation''. If the feed contains more than two components, it is referred to as ''multi-component distillation''.


Continuous distillation, a form of distillation, is an ongoing separation in which a mixture is continuously (without interruption) fed into the process and separated fractions are removed continuously as output streams as time passes during the operation. A distillation is the separation or partial separation of a liquid feed mixture into components or fractions by selective boiling (or evaporation) and condensation
Continuous distillation is used widely in the chemical process industries where large quantities of liquids have to be distilled, as in [[Petroleum refining processes|petroleum refining]], [[natural gas processing]], [[petrochemical]] production, [[coal tar]] processing and the liquefaction of [[Gas|gases]] such as  [[hydrogen]], [[oxygen]], [[nitrogen]], and [[helium]]).
 
Distillation is one of the [[unit operations]] of [[chemical engineering]].<ref>{{cite book| author=Editors: Jacqueline I. Kroschwitz and Arza Seidel|edition=5th Edition|title=Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology|publisher=Wiley-Interscience|location=Hoboken, NJ|year=2004|id=ISBN 0-471-48810-0}}</ref><ref>{{cite book| author=McCabe, W., Smith, J. and Harriott, P.|edition=7th Edition|title=[[Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering]]|publisher=McGraw Hill|location=|year=2004|id=ISBN 0-07-284823-5}}</ref> Continuous distillation is used widely in the chemical process industries where large quantities of liquids have to be distilled.<ref name=Kister>{{cite book|author=Kister, Henry Z.|title=[[Distillation Design]]|edition=1st Edition |publisher=McGraw-Hill|year=1992|id=ISBN 0-07-034909-6}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=King, C.J.|2nd Edition|title=Separation Processes|publisher=McGraw Hill|year=1980|id=0-07-034612-7}}</ref><ref name=Perry>{{cite book|author=Perry, Robert H. and Green, Don W.|title=[[Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook]]|edition=6th Edition| publisher=McGraw-Hill|year=1984|id=ISBN 0-07-049479-7}}</ref> Such industries are the [[natural gas processing]], [[petrochemical]] production, [[coal tar]] processing, [[brewing]], [[liquid air|liquified air]] separation, [[hydrocarbon]] [[solvents]] production and similar industries, but it finds its widest application in [[oil refinery|petroleum refineries]].

Revision as of 14:05, 19 July 2008

Continuous distillation is an ongoing process in which a liquid mixture of two or more miscible components is continuously fed into the process and continuously separated into two or more products by preferentially boiling the more volatile components out of the mixture. Distllation is one of the unit operations of chemical engineering.[1][2][3][4] If the feed mixture consists of only two components, the process is referred to as binary distillation. If the feed contains more than two components, it is referred to as multi-component distillation.

Continuous distillation is used widely in the chemical process industries where large quantities of liquids have to be distilled, as in petroleum refining, natural gas processing, petrochemical production, coal tar processing and the liquefaction of gases such as hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and helium).

  1. ↑ Kister, Henry Z. (1992). Distillation Design, 1st Edition. McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0-07-034909-6. 
  2. ↑ King, C.J. (1980). Separation Processes. McGraw Hill. 0-07-034612-7. 
  3. ↑ Perry, Robert H. and Green, Don W. (2007). Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook, 8th Edition. McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0-07-142294-3. 
  4. ↑ McCabe, W., Smith, J. and Harriott, P. (2004). Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering, 7th Edition. McGraw Hill. ISBN 0-07-284823-5. 
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