Cursus honorum
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The cursus honorum (career of honor) was the political career in Rome. You had to move from the lowest office up to the highest office (consul). Their were strict rules and conditions to be a magistrate. But as the title says, the cursus honorum was meant to be honorable. The result:the magistrate had to pay all his costs during his term of office ( The government should pay it now) A magistrate was of course a member of the senate.
The hierarchy is ranked from the lowest to the highest office
1. Qaestor: Minimum age: 31 he has to collect money (Quaerere means to seek, to collect Amount: 2 in the begining, 20 in the late republic
2. Aedilus:Minimum age: 37 public games, distribution of food, police, fireman
3. Praetor: minimum age: 41 judge and decides wich cases are worth to do
4. Consul: minimum age: 45 president of the senate, general
5.Dictator