Ape
The living apes are primates who are tailess, of relatively large body size and all originate in the Old World. The group includes humans. All apes are catarrhine primates and have eight premolars.
Ape species
Typically included in the grouping "apes" are gibbons and siamangs from southeast Asia, Orangutans from Borneo and Sumatra, Mountain and Lowland Gorillas, Chimpanzees and Bonobos and humans. Under the modern genetic classification scheme (see Hominin for more on this), apes are in the superfamily Hominoidea. Underneath this hominoid umbrella falls orang-utans, gorillas, chimps and humans in the Family Hominidae. In recognition of their genetic divergence some 11-13 million years ago, the orangutans are placed in the sub-family Ponginae and the African apes, including humans, are lumped together in the Subfamily Homininae. The bipedal apes, namely all of the fossil species as well as living humans, fall into the Tribe Hominini. Some evolutionary biologists include humans and chimpanzees within the same genus, the genus Homo[1][2][3].
Living Apes
INFRAORDER CATARRHINI
Superfamily Hominoidea
Family Hylobatidae
- White-handed Gibbon Hylobates lar
- Agile Gibbon Hylobates agilis
- Mueller's Gibbon Hylobates muelleri
- Moloch Gibbon Hylobates moloch
- Pileated Gibbon Hylobates pileatus
- Kloss' Gibbon Hylobates klossii
- Hoolock Gibbon Hylobates hoolock
- Black Gibbon Hylobates concolor
- Siamang Hylobates syndactylus
Family Hominidae
- Orang-Utan Pongo pygmaeus
- Gorilla Gorilla gorilla
- Pygmy Chimpanzee (Bonobo) Pan paniscus
- Common Chimpanzee Pan troglodytes
- Humans Homo sapiens
References
- ↑ L.R. Berger (2001). Is it time to revise the system of scientific naming. National Geographic. Retrieved on 2007-08-10.
- ↑ J. Fleagle (1998). Primate Adaptation and Evolution. Academic Press: New York.
- ↑ F. Szalay and E. Delson (2001). Evolutionary History of the Primates. Academic Press, New York.