LAMP (application stack)
LAMP is an acronym that stands for "Linux, Apache, MySQL, Perl/PHP/Python." Packaged together, they create an application stack that is both free to use and open source which functions as a general purpose web server.
- Linux is an open source operating system
- Apache HTTP Server is an open source web server middleware
- MySQL is an open source Relational Database Management System (RDBMS, also known simply as a Database)
- PHP, Perl, or Python are server-side programming languages which can be installed on Apache.
History
The concept of a LAMP stack (the free general purpose web server) had been possible from as early as 1994 when CERN httpd introduced the Common Gateway Interface, which allowed for the server-side execution of code to create dynamic webpages.[1][2] Linux, the CERN httpd, and server-side programming languages such as Perl were available for free, [3][4] but it wasn't until later that same year and the release of Postgre95 that it was possible to obtain a free database as well.[5]
By 1995, the Apache HTTP server and PHP were released, allowing for a LAPP application stack.[6][7][8] Finally in 1996, MySQL was released online and a full LAMP stack was possible.[9][10] The popularity of the LAMP stack quickly increased during the dot-com bubble of the late 1990s, when many New Economy firms ran their websites with open source software for budget reasons.[11]
Variations
Variations of LAMP packages (referred to as AMP packages) can differ based on the choice of operating system and other software
- LAPP substitutes PostgreSQL for MySQL
- A WAMP stack uses Microsoft Windows.
- The MAMP stack uses Macintosh computers (UNIX-based Mac OS X replaces the operating system layer).
- A SAMP stack uses the Sun Microsystems Solaris operating system.
- XAMPP is a cross-platform version of the bundle that can be downloaded and installed on Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X, Solaris, or Linux.
- OAMP runs on OpenBSD.
- DAMP runs on the Darwin operating system, but can also be used to refer to DragonFly BSD.
- SLAMPP is a Linux distribution that can be booted from an optical disc drive to turn any computer into an instant home web server.
- A LYME stack uses Linux as the OS, Yaws as the web server, Mnesia as the database, and Erlang as the programming language
- A fully Windows stack, WINS uses Windows Server as the OS, Internet Information Services (or IIS) as the web server, SQL Server as the database, and .NET as the programming language.
- WIMP is another variation of the above, except using MySQL or MS Access as the database and PHP as the programming language
| Acronym | Operating system | Web server | Database manager | Server programming |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LAMP | Linux | Apache | MySQL | PHP, Perl, Python |
| LAPP | Linux | Apache | PostgreSQL | PHP, Perl, Python |
| LYME | Linux | Yaws | Mnesia | Erlang |
| SLAMPP | Linux bootable from optical drive | Apache | MySQL | PHP, Perl, Python, Ruby, Lua |
| MAMP | Macintosh | Apache | MySQL | PHP, Perl, Python |
| WAMP | Microsoft Windows | Apache | MySQL | PHP, Perl, Python |
| WINS | Windows Server | IIS | SQL Server | .NET |
| WIMP | Windows Server | IIS | MySQL, MS Access | PHP, Perl, Python |
| XAMPP | Cross-platform | Apache | MySQL | PHP, Perl |
| SAMP | Solaris | Apache | MySQL | PHP, Perl, Python |
| OAMP | OpenBSD | Apache | MySQL | PHP, Perl, Python |
| DAMP | Darwin, DragonFly BSD | Apache | MySQL | PHP, Perl, Python |
References
- ↑ The Common Gateway Interface (CGI) Version 1.1. The Apache Software Foundation (October 2004). Retrieved on 2009-11-30.
- ↑ Change History for CERN httpd
- ↑ Slackware Linux, Inc. (1993-07-16). ANNOUNCE: Slackware Linux 1.00. Press release. Retrieved on 2009-11-30.
- ↑ Ashton, Elaine (1999). The Timeline of Perl and its Culture. Perl.org. Retrieved on 2009-11-30.
- ↑ A Brief History of PostgreSQL. The PostgreSQL Global Development Group (1996). Retrieved on 2009-11-30.
- ↑ History of PHP. The PHP Group (27 Nov 2009). Retrieved on 2009-11-30.
- ↑ PHP release newsgroup posting from 1995
- ↑ How Apache Came to Be. The Apache Software Foundation. Retrieved on 2009-11-30.
- ↑ DuBois, Paul (2005). MySQL; Third Edition. Sams. ISBN 0672326736.
- ↑ Grimmer, Lenz. From Visions to Reality - an interview with David Axmark, Co-Founder of MySQL AB, MySQL AB, July 2007. Retrieved on 2009-11-30.
- ↑ Geipel, Markus Michael (2009). Dynamics of communities and code in open source software (PDF). ETH. Retrieved on 2009-11-30.