Physical examination
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In health care, the physical examination is a "systematic and thorough inspection of the patient for physical signs of disease or abnormality."[1]
Research on the accuracy of the physical examination
Guidelines have been proposed for conducting research on the physical examination.[2]
History of the physical examination
Walker has compiled the following dates in the development of the techniques for the physical examination.[3]
- Hippocrates: A Rational Profession 460–370 b.c
- Vesalius: Establishment of an Accurate Anatomy, 1543
- Sydenham: The Nosology of Disease, 1666
- Morgagni: The Foundation of Pathologic Anatomy, 1761
- Auenbrugger: The Discovery of Percussion, 1761
- Laennec: The Stethoscope, 1816
- Helmholtz: The Ophthalmoscope, 1850
- Carl Wunderlich: The Thermometer, 1871
- Erb and Westphal: The Reflex Hammer, 1875
- Riva Rocci: The Sphygmomanometer for measuring blood pressure, 1896
References
- ↑ Anonymous (2024), Physical examination (English). Medical Subject Headings. U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ↑ Simel DL, Rennie D, Bossuyt PM (June 2008). "The STARD Statement for Reporting Diagnostic Accuracy Studies: Application to the History and Physical Examination". J Gen Intern Med 23 (6): 768–74. DOI:10.1007/s11606-008-0583-3. PMID 18347878. Research Blogging.
- ↑ Walker HK (1990). Clinical methods: the history, physical, and laboratory examinations. London: Butterworths. ISBN 0-409-90077-X.