History of England/Addendum

Past and present states in the British Isles

According to Norman Davies the following states have existed during different periods of the history of the "British Isles" of England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales.
(the early dates are speculative}

• The High Kingships of Ireland[1] (c1700 BCE - 1315 AD)
• British tribal principalities[2] (c1100 BCE - c700 AD)
• Independent "Pictland"[3] (c70 - 850 AD)
• Roman Britannia
• Independent British[4]/ Welsh[5], Cornish, Cumbrian and Strathclyde principalities.(5th century to 1283)
• The Anglo-Saxon kingdoms (5th to 10th century AD)
• The Kingdom of the Scots (9th century to 1707)
• The Kingdom of England and its dependencies(10th century to 1536)
• The Kingdom of England and Wales (1536-1649, 1660-1707)
• The Kingdom of Ireland (1541-1649, 1660-1800)
• The Commonwealth of England, Wales and Ireland (1649-1654)
• The Commonwealth of Great Britain and Ireland (1654-1660)
• The United Kingdom of Great Britain (1707-1800)
• The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801-1922)
• The Irish Free State, Eire and The Republic of Ireland (1922)
• The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (1922)

Population growth

(estimated population (millions))

year	1401	1521	1601	1701	1801	1851	1901	1999	2009	2011
England & Wales	2.1	2.3	4.1	5.1	8.9	17.9	35.5	49.0	54.8	56.1
Scotland			0.8		1.6	2.9	4.5	5.1	5.2	5.3
Northern Ireland								1.7		1.8

(sources: The History Today Companion to British History, GENUKI, the UK Office of National Statistics, the General Register Office for Scotland)